General
Information is based on dictionaries and other sources. Pinyin readings reflect standard Mandarin usage; for some dialect alternative names it may be of little practical use, especially for South China. Many Korean glosses are highly tentative. Comments and corrections welcome.
The tits are known in Chinese as 山雀 or 'mountain-sparrow'.
(The character 雀 was originally understood to mean sparrow but is more broadly used to refer to finches and other small birds.)
Species names
SCIENTIFIC & ENGLISH |
CHINESE |
EAST |
SOUTH | NORTH |
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| Parus | ||||||||
Latin |
English | Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Japanese |
Korean |
Vietnamese |
Mongolian |
Parus major |
Great Tit Intermediate Tit |
大山雀 (大山雀) 'large mountain-sparrow' |
(白颊山雀) 白頰山雀 'white-cheeked mountain-sparrow' |
白脸山雀 (白臉山雀) 'white-faced mountain-sparrow' 白面公 (白面公) 'white faced duke' 白面只 (白面只) 'white-faced zhi' 灰山雀 (灰山雀) 'grey mountain-sparrow' 黑子 (黑子) 'black fellow' 仔仔黑 (仔仔黑) 'zaizai black' 吇吇黑 (吇吇黑) 'zizi black' 吱吱嘿 (吱吱黑) 'zhizhi black' 山仔仔黑 (山仔仔黑) 'mountain zaizai black' 吱吱红 (吱吱紅) 'zhi-zhi red' 羊粪蛋 (羊糞蛋) 'sheep manure ball' 花脸雀 (花臉雀) 'flower-faced sparrow' 花脸王 (花臉王) 'flower-faced king' 子归鸟 (子歸鳥) 'child return bird' 吱啵 (吱啵) 'zhibo' |
シジュウカラ (四十雀) shijū-kara 'forty tit' |
박새 bak-sae 'bak (gourd?) bird' |
Chim Bạc má 'silver-cheek bird' |
Их хөхбух ikh khökh-bukh 'large blue-bull (=tit)' Former official: Их хөх бух ikh khökh bukh 'large blue bull (=tit)' |
| Parus bokharensis |
Turkestan tit | 西域山雀 (西域山雀) 'Western region mountain-sparrow' |
ボハラシジュウカラ (ボハラ四十雀) bohara shijū-kara 'Bokhara forty tit' |
Цэнхэр хөхбух tseŋkher khökh-bukh 'lightblue blue-bull (=tit)' Former official: Цэнхэр хөх бух tseŋkher khökh bukh 'lightblue blue bull (=tit)' |
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| Parus monticolus |
Green-backed tit | 绿背山雀 (綠背山雀) 'green-backed mountain-sparrow' |
(青背山雀) 青背山雀 'green/blue-backed mountain-sparrow' |
キバラシジュウカラ (黄腹四十雀) ki-bara shijū-kara 'yellow-bellied forty tit' |
Chim Bạc má bụng vàng 'yellow-bellied silver-cheek bird' |
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| Parus venustulus Periparus venustulus |
Yellow-bellied tit | 黄腹山雀 (黃腹山雀) 'yellow-bellied mountain-sparrow' |
点 (點) 'dot' |
キバラガラ (黄腹雀) ki-bara gara 'yellow-bellied tit' |
노랑배진박새 norang-bae-jin-bak-sae 'yellow-bellied true ? gourd? bird' |
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| Parus spilonotus |
Yellow-cheeked tit Chinese yellow tit |
黄颊山雀 (黃頰山雀) 'yellow-cheeked mountain-sparrow' |
ルリカンムリガラ (瑠璃冠雀 or 琉璃冠雀) ruri kanmuri gara 'lapis lazuli-crested tit' |
Chim Bạc má mào 'crested silver-cheek bird' |
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Latin |
English | Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Japanese |
Korean |
Vietnamese |
Mongolian |
| Parus cyanus |
Azure tit | 灰蓝山雀 (灰藍山雀) 'grey-blue mountain-sparrow' |
ルリガラ (瑠璃雀 ~ 琉璃雀) ruri-gara 'lapis lazuli tit' |
Номин хөхбух nomiŋ khökh-bukh 'lapis lazuli blue-bull (=tit)' Former official: Номин хөх бух nomiŋ khökh bukh 'lapis lazuli blue bull (=tit)' |
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| Parus flavipectus | Yellow-breasted tit | 黄胸山雀 (黃胸山雀) 'yellow-breasted mountain-sparrow' (2, 3, 4)  Note |
キムネルリガラ (黄胸瑠璃雀 ~ 黄胸琉璃雀) ki-mune ruri-gara 'yellow-breasted lapis lazuli tit' (Wikipedia) |
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| Parus rubidiventris |
Rufous-vented tit Black crested tit |
黑冠山雀 (黑冠山雀) 'black-crested mountain-sparrow' |
カンムリシジュウカラ (冠四十雀) kanmuri shijū-kara 'crested forty tit' |
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| Parus rufonuchalis | Rufous-naped tit Rufous-napped tit |
棕枕山雀 (棕枕山雀) 'reddishbrown naped mountain-sparrow' (2, 3, 4) Note |
アカエリシジュウカラ (赤襟四十雀) aka-eri shijū kara 'red-naped forty tit' |
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| Parus ater Periparus ater |
Coal tit | 煤山雀 (煤山雀) 'coal mountain-sparrow' |
(煤山雀) 煤山雀 'coal mountain-sparrow' |
ヒガラ (日雀) hi-gara 'sun tit' |
진박새 jin-bak-sae 'true ? bak bird' |
Өдөрч хөхбух ödörch khökh-bukh 'day ?? blue-bull (=tit)' Former official: Өдөрч хөх бух ödörch khökh bukh 'day ?? blue bull (=tit)' |
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Latin |
English | Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Japanese |
Korean |
Vietnamese |
Mongolian |
| Parus varius Poecile varia |
Varied tit | 杂色山雀 (雜色山雀) 'mixed colour mountain-sparrow' |
(赤腹山雀) 赤腹山雀 'red-bellied mountain-sparrow' |
杂山雀 (雜山雀) 'mixed mountain-sparrow' |
ヤマガラ (山雀) yama-gara 'mountain tit' |
곤줄박이 gonjulbagi 'gonjulbagi' |
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| Parus palustris Poecile palustris |
Marsh tit | 沼泽山雀 (沼澤山雀) 'swamp mountain-sparrow' |
黑头山雀 (黑頭山雀) 'black-headed mountain-sparrow' |
ハシブトガラ (嘴太雀) hashi-buto gara 'thick-billed tit' |
쇠박새 soe-bak-sae 'small bak bird' |
Хартолгой хөхбух khar-tolgoi khökh-bukh 'black-headed blue-bull (=tit)' Former official: Хар магнайт хөх бух khar magnait khökh bukh 'black-foreheaded blue bull (=tit)' |
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| Parus hypermelaenus Parus hypermelaena Poecile hypermelaena |
Black-bibbed tit | 黑胸山雀 (黑胸山雀) 'black-breasted mountain-sparrow' (4) Note |
ミナミハシブトガラ (南嘴太雀) minami hashi-buto gara 'southern thick-billed tit' (Wikipedia) |
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| Parus montanus Poecile montana |
Willow tit | 北褐头山雀 (北褐頭山雀) 'northern brown-headed mountain-sparrow' (2) 褐头山雀 (褐頭山雀) 'brown-headed mountain-sparrow' (1, 3, 4, 5) |
吱吱红 (吱吱紅) 'zhi-zhi red' (Also P. major) |
コガラ (小雀) ko-gara 'small tit' |
북방쇠박새 bukbang-soe-bak-sae 'northern small bak bird' |
Хүрэнтолгойт хөхбух khüren-tolgoit khökh-bukh 'darkbrown-headed blue-bull (=tit)' Former official: Хүрэн толгойт хөх бух khüreŋ tolgoit khökh bukh 'darkbrown-headed blue bull (=tit)' |
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| Parus songarus | Songar tit | 褐头山雀 (褐頭山雀) 'brown-headed mountain-sparrow' (2) (Conflicts with name for Parus montanus) 歌山雀 (歌山雀) 'song mountain-sparrow' (4) |
ミナミコガラ (南小雀) minami ko-gara 'southern small tit' (Wikipedia) |
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Latin |
English | Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Japanese |
Korean |
Vietnamese |
Mongolian |
| Parus superciliosus |
White-browed tit | 白眉山雀 (白眉山雀) 'white-eyebrowed mountain-sparrow' |
マユガラ (眉雀) mayu-gara 'eyebrow tit' |
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| Parus davidi |
Père David's tit Rusty-breasted tit Red-bellied tit | 红腹山雀 (紅腹山雀) 'red-bellied mountain-sparrow' |
アカハラガラ (赤腹雀) aka-hara gara 'red-bellied tit' |
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| Parus dichrous |
Grey-crested tit Brown-crested tit | 褐冠山雀 (褐冠山雀) 'brown-crested mountain-sparrow' |
ハイイロカンムリガラ (灰色冠雀) hai-iro kanmuri gara 'grey-crested tit' |
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| Melanochlora | ||||||||
Latin |
English | Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Japanese |
Korean |
Vietnamese |
Mongolian |
| Melanochlora sultanea Parus sultanea |
Sultan tit | 冕雀 (冕雀) 'official headdress finch' |
サルタンガラ (サルタン雀) sarutan gara 'sultan tit' |
Chim mào vàng 'yellow-crested bird' |
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| Sylviparus | ||||||||
Latin |
English | Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Japanese |
Korean |
Vietnamese |
Mongolian |
| Sylviparus modestus |
Yellow-browed tit | 黄眉林雀 (黄眉林雀) 'yellow-eyebrowed forest finch' |
メジロガラ (目白雀) me-jiro gara 'white-eyed tit' |
Chim Bạc má rừng 'forest silver-cheek bird' |
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