Fringillidae / Бужиргынхан (Bujirgynkhan)

General names

This list should be regarded as being 'in beta'. Information is based on dictionaries and other sources. Pronunciation still needs fine-tuning. Comments and corrections welcome.

In Mongolian the typical name used for the Fringillidae was originally Бужирга bujirag 'bujirag', which was officially used for many of the Carduelinae. Other names include:

• Ногоолзой nogoolzoi for the siskin
• Зана zann for the bullfinch
• Алтан жигүүр altan jigüür 'golden wing' for one green finch and the Mongolian finch
• Болжмор boljmor for the grosbeak/hawfinches
• Улаавар шувуу ulaavar shuvuu 'pink bird' for some rosefinches
• The old standby Бялзуухай bilzuukhai, applied to all kinds of small passerines and conventionally translated as 'finch' on this site, was used for the Fringillinae (Chaffinch and Brambling) and the crossbill.
• The Brambling was also known as Хятран khitan or Хятран хараацай khitan kharaatsai ('khitan swallow').

Regularised names:

This picture was completely changed by the official names of 2007, which rearranged the names thoroughly. The changes can be seen in this table:

The most striking change is the transfer of the name Бужирга bujirag from the Carduelinae to the Fringillinae. So sudden and unexplained is this reversal that one can only suspect that it had no other purpose than to harmonise the genus name (Fringilla) with the family name (Fringillidae).

Another dramatic change is the reassigment of the name Болжмор boljmor, originally used for the hawfinches and grosbeaks, to the larks.

These two radical changes entail the introduction of a slew of new names for carduelinid genera. The origins of the new names are not always clear.

• The name Ногоолдой nogooldoi, of which Ногоолзой nogoolzoi is clearly a variation, appears to originally have referred to a greenish-coloured bird or birds of the Sylviidae.
• The rather similar-sounding Бужиранга bujirnag, Бужмар bujmar and Булжуухай buljuukhai are not found in dictionaries.
• The name Цэгцүүхэй tsegtsüükhei is of unclear meaning. Originally it appears to be related to the wagtails (Цэгцгий tsetsgii).
• Шаршуу sharshuu is from Шаршуу бялзуухай sharshuu bilzuukhai, referring to an otherwise unidentified passerine species.

Species names

ABOUT THIS TABLE (Hover cursor to see)

FRINGILLINAE SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN MONGOLIAN EAST ASIAN C. ASIAN Latin English/Russian Mongolian Former & Other M Chinese Japanese Korean Kazakh Fringilla               Fringilla coelebs Chaffinch Common Chaffinch Зяблик, Обыкновенный зяблик Дуулгат бужирга duulagt bujirag 'steel-helmeted bujirag' Дуулгат ээрүүл бялзуухай duulagt eerüül bilzuukhai 'steel-helmeted spindle finch' 苍头燕雀 cāng-tóu yàn-què 'blue-headed swallow finch' ズアオアトリ (頭青花鶏) zu-ao atori 'blue-headed atori'   Жаурауық Fringilla montifringilla Brambling Юрок, Вьюрок Алаг бужирга alag bujirag 'motley bujirag' Алаг хуухуур бялзуухай alag khuukhuur bilzuukhai 'motley khuukhuur finch' 燕雀 yàn-què 'swallow-finch' アトリ (花鶏, 猲子鳥) atori 'atori' (first characters mean 'flower fowl' - cf. Chinese alternative names; second characters origin unclear) 되새 doe-sae 'doe bird' Құнақ

CARDUELINAE SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN MONGOLIAN EAST ASIAN C. ASIAN Latin English/Russian Mongolian Former & Other M Chinese Japanese Korean Kazakh Carduelis               Carduelis sinica Chloris sinica Oriental greenfinch Grey-capped greenfinch Greenfinch Chinese greenfinch Китайская зеленушка Нангиад ногоолдой nangiad nogooldoi 'sticky ? nogooldoi' Нангиад алтан жигүүр nangiad altan jigüür 'sticky ? golden wing' 金翅雀 jīn-chì-què 'gold wing finch' (1, 2, 3, 4) or 金翅 jīn-chì 'gold-wing' (Alternative in 1, 3, 5) Note 东方金翅 dōngfāng jīn-chì 'eastern gold-wing' (5) カワラヒワ (河原鶸) kawara hiwa 'river-bed hiwa' 방울새 bangul-sae 'bang-ul bird' (bang-ul = 'bell' or 'drop of liquid')   Carduelis spinus Spinus spinus Eurasian siskin Spruce siskin Siskin Чиж,  Обыкновенный чиж Эгэл ногоолзой egel nogoolzoi 'common nogoolzoi' Ногоолзой nogoolzoi 'nogoolzoi' 黄雀 huáng-què 'yellow finch' マヒワ (真鶸) ma-hiwa 'true hiwa' 검은머리방울새 geomeun-meori-bangul-sae 'black-headed bang-ul bird' Шымшық Carduelis carduelis European goldfinch Eurasian goldfinch Goldfinch Eurasian goldenfinch Щегол, Черногоровый щегол Бор бужиранга bor bujirnag 'brown/grey bujirnag' Бор бужирга bor bujirag 'brown/grey bujirag' 红额金翅雀 hóng-é jīn-chì-què 'red-browed gold-wing finch' (1, 2, 3, 4) 红额金翅 hóng-é jīn-chì 'red-browed gold-wing' (5. Alternative in 1, 3) ゴシキヒワ (五色鶸) go-shiki hiwa 'five-coloured hiwa'   Кәдімгі пайыз Carduelis carduelis caniceps Crowned Goldfinch Himalayan Goldfinch Седоголовый щегол Буурал бужиранга buural bujirnag 'roan bujirnag' Буурал бужирга buural bujirag 'roan bujirag' -     Бозбас пайыз Carduelis flammea Acanthis flammea Common redpoll Redpoll Обыкновенная чечетка Дөлөн цэгцүүхэй dölön tsegtsüükhei 'flame tsegtsüükhei' Улаан толгойт бужирга ulaan tolgoit bujirag 'red-headed bujirag' 白腰朱顶雀 bái-yāo zhū-dǐng-què 'white-rumped vermilion-capped finch' ベニヒワ (紅鶸) beni hiwa 'red hiwa' 홍방울새 hong-bangul-sae 'red bang-ul bird' Шекілдек Carduelis hornemanni Acanthis hornemanni Hoary redpoll Arctic redpoll Пепельная чечетка, Тундрянная чечетка, Тундровая чечетка Шунхан цэгцүүхэй shunkhan tsegtsüükhei 'lipstick? tsegtsüükhei' Шунхан зулайт бужирга shunkhan zulait bujirag 'red-headed bujirag' 极北朱顶雀 jí běi zhū-dǐng-què 'far north vermilion-capped finch' コベニヒワ (小紅鶸) ko beni hiwa 'small red hiwa' 쇠홍방울새 soe-hong-bangul-sae 'small red bang-ul bird' Күл шекілдек Carduelis flavirostris Acanthis flavirostris Twite Горная чечетка, Горная коноплянка Улаан цэгцүүхэй ulaan tsegtsüükhei 'red tsegtsüükhei' Улаан бор бужирга ulaan bor bujirag 'red brown bujirag' 黄嘴朱顶雀 huáng-zuǐ zhū-dǐng-què 'yellow-billed vermilion-capped finch' キバシヒワ (黄嘴鶸) ki-bashi hiwa 'yellow-billed hiwa'   Тау шонайнығы Carduelis cannabina Acanthis cannabinus Common linnet Eurasian linnet Linnet Коноплянка, Реполов Алтан цэгцүүхэй altan tsegtsüükhei 'golden tsegtsüükhei'   赤胸朱顶雀 chì-xiōng zhū-dǐng-què 'red-breasted vermilion-capped finch' ムネアカヒワ (胸赤鶸) mune-aka hiwa 'red-breasted hiwa'   Шонайнақ Latin English/Russian Mongolian Former & Other M Chinese Japanese Korean Kazakh Leucosticte               Leucosticte nemoricola Plain mountain finch Hodgson's rosy finch Hodgson's mountain finch Гималайский вьюрок Хималайн зангалай Himalain zangalai 'Himalayan zangalai' Хималайн цахир бужирга Himalain tsakhir bujirag 'Himalayan nail-fleck bujirag' 林岭雀 lín lǐng-què 'forest ridge-finch' ハイイロマシコ (灰色猿子) hai-iro mashiko 'grey mashiko'   Аршашыл құнақ Leucosticte brandti Brandt's mountain finch Brandt's rosy finch Жемчужный вьюрок, Горный вьюрок Арцны зангалай artsny zangalai 'artsny zangalai' Цахир бужирга tsakhir bujirag 'nail-fleck bujirag' 高山岭雀 gāo-shān lǐng-què 'high mountain ridge-finch' シンジュマシコ (真珠猿子) shinju mashiko 'pearl mashiko'   Інжурең құнақ Leucosticte arctoa Asian rosy finch Rosy mountain finch White-winged mountain finch Сибирский вьюрок, Горный вьюрок Занхгар зангалай zankhgar zangalai 'large-headed zangalai' Бухин дух бужирга bukhin dukh bujirag 'bukhin forehead bujirag' 粉红腹岭雀 fěn-hóng-fù lǐng-què 'pink-bellied ridge-finch' ハギマシコ (萩猿子) hagi mashiko 'bush clover mashiko' 갈색양진이 gal-saeg-yangjini 'brown-coloured yangjin-i' Бұлдыр құнақ Bucanetes               Bucanetes mongolicus Rhodopechys mongolica Mongolian finch Mongolian trumpeter finch Mongolian desert finch Trumpeter desert finch Монгольский снегирь, Монгольский пустынный снегирь Монгол алтанжигүүр Mongol altan-jigüür 'Mongolian golden wing' Монгол алтан жигүүр Mongol altan jigüür 'Mongolian golden wing' 蒙古沙雀 Měnggǔ shā-què 'Mongolian sand finch' モウコナキマシコ (蒙古鳴き猿子) Mōko naki-mashiko 'Mongolian crying mashiko'   Моңғол суықторғайы Uragus               Uragus sibiricus Long-tailed rosefinch Урагус, Длиннохвостая чечевица, Длиннохвостый снегирь Үүрэн сүүлтзана üüren süült-zann 'üüren tailed bullfinch' Үүрэн сүүлт зана üüren süült zann 'üüren tailed bullfinch' 长尾雀 cháng-wěi shā-què 'long-tailed finch' ベニマシコ (紅猿子) beni mashiko 'red mashiko' 긴꼬리홍양진이 gin-kkori-hong-yangjini 'long-tailed red yangjin-i' Кезқұйрық самыр Latin English/Russian Mongolian Former & Other M Chinese Japanese Korean Kazakh Carpodacus               Carpodacus erythrinus Common rosefinch Обыкновенная чечевица Улаавар бужмар ulaavar bujmar 'pink bujmar' Улаавар шувуу ulaavar shuvuu 'pink bird' 普通朱雀 pǔtōng zhū-què 'common vermilion finch' アカマシコ (赤猿子) aka mashiko 'red mashiko' 적원자 jeogwonja 'jeogwonja' Кәдімгі құралай Carpodacus pulcherrimus Beautiful rosefinch Серебристая чечвица, Красивая чечвица Бүлхэрээ бужмар bülkheree bujmar 'strong crow ? bujmar' Бүлхэрээ бужирга bülkheree bujirag 'strong crow ? bujirag' 红眉朱雀 hóng-méi zhū-què 'red-eyebrowed vermilion finch' コウザンマシコ (高山猿子) kōzan mashiko 'high-mountain mashiko'     Carpodacus roseus Pallas's rosefinch Siberian rosefinch Сибирская чечевица Ягаан бужмар yagaan bujmar 'pink bujmar' Ягаан бужирга yagaan bujirag 'pink bujirag' 北朱雀 běi zhū-què 'northern vermilion finch' オオマシコ (大猿子) ō mashiko 'large mashiko' 양진이 yangjini yangjin-i Жолаққанат құралай Carpodacus rhodochlamys Red-mantled rosefinch Арчовая чечевица, Арчевая чечевица, Розовая чечевица, Малая розовая чечевица Арцны бужмар artsny bujmar 'artsni bujmar' Арцны улаавар шувуу artsny ulaavar shuvuu 'artsny pink bird' 红腰朱雀 hóng-yāo zhū-què 'red-rumped vermilion finch' ヒゴロモマシコ (緋衣猿子) hi-goromo mashiko 'scarlet-robed mashiko'   Арша құралайы Carpodacus rubicilla Great rosefinch Caucasian great rosefinch Большая чечевица Улаан бужмар ulaan bujmar 'red bujmar' Улаан бужирга ulaan bujirag 'red bujirag' 大朱雀 dà zhū-què 'large vermilion finch' シロボシマシコ (白星猿子) shiro-boshi mashiko 'white star mashiko'   Үлкен құралай Latin English/Russian Mongolian Former & Other M Chinese Japanese Korean Kazakh Pinicola               Pinicola enucleator Pine grosbeak Pine rosefinch Щур, Обыкновенный щур Нарсны шүршүү narsny shürshüü 'pine shürshüü' Нарсны бужирга narsny bujirag 'pine bujirag' 松雀 sōng-què 'pine-finch' ギンザンマシコ (銀山猿子) gin-zan mashiko 'silver mountain mashiko' 솔양진이 soll-yangjini 'pine yangjin-i' Орман қызылқұнағы Loxia               Loxia leucoptera White-winged crossbill Белокрылый клест Тольт солбинхушуут tol't solbin-khushuut 'pretty cross-billed' Хүрдэг загалмай бялзуухай khürdeg zagalmai bilzuukhai 'khürdeg cross-finch' 白翅交嘴雀 bái-chì jiāo-zuǐ-què 'white-winged cross-billed finch' ナキイスカ (鳴き交喙, 鳴き鶍) naki-isuka 'crying isuka' 흰죽지솔잣새 huin-jukji-soljas-sae 'white-wingjointed crossbill bird Аққанатты қайшауыз Pyrrhula               Pyrrhula pyrrhula Eurasian bullfinch Northern bullfinch Common bullfinch Bullfinch Cassin's bullfinch Снегирь, Обыкновенный снэгирь Эгэл зана egel zann 'common bullfinch' Зана zann 'bullfinch' 红腹灰雀 hóng-fù huī-què 'red-bellied grey-finch' ウソ (鷽) uso 'uso' 멋쟁이 meo-t-jaengi 'mountain jaengi Кәдімгі суықторғай Pyrrhula pyrrhula cineracea Baikal Bullfinch Серый снегирь Бор Зана bor zann 'brown/grey bullfinch'   - -   Боз суықторғай Coccothraustes               Coccothraustes coccothraustes Hawfinch Дубонос, Обыкновенный дубонос Банхар булжуухай bankhar buljuukhai 'broad-thick buljuukhai' Хөхөлт хөх болжмор khökhölt khökh boljmor 'braided ??? blue lark' 锡嘴雀 xī-zuǐ-què 'tin-billed finch' シメ (鴲, 蝋嘴) shime 'shime' (the first character is Japanese-made, the second pair means 'waxbill', from the Chinese name - see left) 콩새 kong-sae 'bean ? bird' Кәдімгі ементұмсық Eophona               Eophona migratoria Coccothraustes migratorius Yellow-billed grosbeak Black-tailed hawfinch Chinese grosbeak Малый черноголовый дубонос Наран шаршуу Naran sharshuu 'Japanese yellow-bill?' Шаршуу болжмор sharshuu boljmor 'yellow-billed? lark' 黑尾蜡嘴雀 hēi-wěi là-zuǐ-què 'black-tailed wax-billed finch' コイカル (小桑鳲, 小鵤, 小斑鳩 ) ko-ikaru 'small ikaru' 밀화부리 milhwa-buri 'milhwa bill'   Latin English/Russian Mongolian Former & Other M Chinese Japanese Korean Kazakh

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