Fringillidae / アトリ科 (Atori ka)

燕雀科 Yàn-què kē * 雀科 Què kē * 되새과 Doe-sae-gwa

General names

Information is based on dictionaries and other sources. Species list may not be current. Comments and corrections welcome.

Japanese is quite rich in names for the finches:

Since Japanese is richer than Chinese in names of finches, Chinese characters as used in Chinese would have been insufficient to represent the Japanese names. The Fringillidae offer some good examples of the expedients that the Japanese were forced to adopt in order to overcome this:

Take over the entire character compound for the corresponding Chinese bird and assign it to the Japanese word (e.g. 桑鳲 ikaru, 交喙 isuka, 花鶏 atori)

Take an existing Chinese character and give it a new meaning (e.g. uso, hiwa)

Make up a new character (e.g. shime, hime, ikaru, isuka) -- although these are claimed to be new characters, some appear to exist in Chinese, also.

Species names

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FRINGILLINAE
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN
JAPANESE
CHINESE
KOREAN
Latin
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru
Japanese
Other J
Chinese
Chinese (Taiwan)
Other Ch
Korean
Fringilla              
Fringilla montifringilla
link to photolink to photo
Brambling
Pinson du Nord
Bergfink
Вьюрок
アトリ
(花鶏, 猲子鳥)
atori
'atori' (first characters mean 'flower fowl' - cf. Chinese alternative names; second characters origin unclear)
  燕雀
yàn-què
'swallow-finch'
花雀
huā-què
'flowery finch'
花鸡 (花雞)
huā-jī
'flowery fowl'
燕雀儿 (燕雀兒)
yàn-quèr
'swallow finch'
虎皮雀
hǔ pí què
'tiger skin finch'
되새
doe-sae
'doe bird'
 
CARDUELINAE
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN
JAPANESE
CHINESE
KOREAN
Latin
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru
Japanese
Other J
Chinese
Chinese (Taiwan)
Other Ch
Korean
Carduelis              
Carduelis sinica
Chloris sinica
link to photolink to photo
Oriental greenfinch
Grey-capped greenfinch
Greenfinch
Chinese greenfinch
Verdier de Chine
Chinesengrünling
Китайская зеленушка
カワラヒワ
(河原鶸)
kawara hiwa
'river-bed hiwa'
  金翅雀
jīn-chì-què
'gold wing finch' (1, 2, 3, 4)
or
金翅
jīn-chì
'gold-wing' (Alternative in 1, 3, 5)
|Note|
东方金翅 (東方金翅)
dōngfāng jīn-chì
'eastern gold-wing' (5)
金翅雀
jīn-chì-què
'gold wing finch'
金翅儿 (金翅兒)
jīn-chèr
'gold-wing'
东方金翅鸟 (東方金翅鳥)
dōng-fāng jīn-chì-niǎo
'oriental gold-wing bird'
绿雀 (綠雀)
lǜ què
'green finch'
芦花黄雀 (蘆花黃雀)
lú huā huáng-què
'reed catkin yellow finch' (also C. spinus below)
黄楠雀
huáng nán què
'yellow nan [type of tree] finch'
방울새
bangul-sae
'bang-ul bird' (bang-ul = 'bell' or 'drop of liquid'
Carduelis spinus
Spinus spinus
link to photolink to photo
Eurasian siskin
Spruce siskin
Siskin
Tarin des aulnes
Erlenzeisig
Чиж
マヒワ
(真鶸)
ma-hiwa
'true hiwa'
  黄雀
huáng-què
'yellow finch'
黄雀
huáng-què
'yellow finch'
黄鸟 (黃鳥)
huáng-niǎo
'yellow bird' (also used for Oriolus chinensis)
芦花黄雀 (蘆花黃雀)
lú-huā huáng-què
'reed catkin yellow finch' (also C. sinica above)
검은머리방울새
geomeun-meori-bangul-sae
'black-headed bang-ul bird'
Carduelis flammea
Acanthis flammea
link to photo
Common redpoll
Redpoll
Sizerin flammé
Birkenzeisig
Обыкновенная чечетка
ベニヒワ
(紅鶸)
beni hiwa
'red hiwa'
  白腰朱顶雀 (白腰朱頂雀)
bái-yāo zhū-dǐng-què
'white-rumped vermilion-capped finch'
普通朱頂雀
pǔtōng zhū-dǐng-què
'common vermilion-capped finch'
朱顶雀 (朱頂雀)
zhū-dǐng-què
'vermilion-capped finch'
贮点红 (貯點紅)
zhù diǎn hóng
'(literally) save-a-bit red'
홍방울새
hong-bangul-sae
'red bang-ul bird'
Carduelis hornemanni
Acanthis hornemanni
Hoary redpoll
Arctic redpoll
Sizerin blanchâtre
Polar-Birkenzeisig
Пепельная чечетка
コベニヒワ
(小紅鶸)
ko beni hiwa
'small red hiwa'
  极北朱顶雀 (北極朱頂雀)
jí běi zhū-dǐng-què
'far north vermilion-capped finch'
    쇠홍방울새
soe-hong-bangul-sae
'small red bang-ul bird'
Leucosticte              
Leucosticte arctoa
link to photolink to photo
Asian rosy finch
Rosy mountain finch
White-winged mountain finch
Roselin brun
Rosenbauch-Schneegimpel
Сибирский вьюрок
ハギマシコ
(萩猿子)
hagi mashiko
'bush clover mashiko'
  粉红腹岭雀 (粉紅腹嶺雀)
fěn-hóng-fù lǐng-què
'pink-bellied ridge-finch'
  北岭雀 (北嶺雀)
běi lǐng-què
'northern ridge-finch' (6)
白翅岭雀 (白翅嶺雀)
bái-chì lǐng-què
'white-winged ridge-finch'
갈색양진이
gal-saeg-yangjini
'brown-coloured yangjin-i'
Uragus              
Uragus sibiricus
link to photolink to photo
Long-tailed rosefinch
Roselin à longue queue
Meisengimpel
Длиннохвостая чечевица
ベニマシコ
(紅猿子)
beni mashiko
'red mashiko'
  长尾雀 (長尾雀)
cháng-wěi què
'long-tailed finch'
    긴꼬리홍양진이
gin-kkori-hong-yangjini
'long-tailed red yangjin-i'
Latin
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru
Japanese
Other J
Chinese
Chinese (Taiwan)
Other Ch
Korean
Carpodacus              
Carpodacus erythrinus
link to photo
Common rosefinch
Roselin cramoisi
Karmingimpel
Обыкновенная чечевица
アカマシコ
(赤猿子)
aka mashiko
'red mashiko'
  普通朱雀
pǔtōng zhū-què
'common vermilion finch'
普通朱雀
pǔtōng zhū-què
'common vermilion finch'
朱雀 (朱雀)
zhū-què
'vermilion finch' (6, 7)
青麻料儿 (青麻料兒)/ 青麻料 (青麻料)
qīng má-liàor / qīng má-liào
'blue hemp material' (literal)
적원자
jeogwonja
'jeogwonja'
Carpodacus roseus
link to photolink to photo
Pallas's rosefinch
Siberian rosefinch
Roselin rose
Rosengimpel
Сибирская чечевица
オオマシコ
(大猿子)
ō mashiko
'large mashiko'
  北朱雀
běi zhū-què
'northern vermilion finch'
  靠山红 (靠山紅)
kào shān hóng
'near mountain red'
양진이
yangjini
yangjin-i
Pinicola              
Pinicola enucleator
link to photo
Pine grosbeak
Pine rosefinch
Durbec des sapins
Hakengimpel
Щур
ギンザンマシコ
(銀山猿子)
gin-zan mashiko
'silver mountain mashiko'
  松雀
sōng-què
'pine-finch'
    솔양진이
soll-yangjini
'pine yangjin-i'
Loxia              
Loxia curvirostra
link to photo
Red crossbill
Crossbill
Bec-croisé des sapins
Fichtenkreuzschnabel
Обыкновенный клест
イスカ
(交喙, 鶍)
isuka
'isuka' (1. means 'crossed bill' in Chinese; 2. is a Japanese creation)
  红交嘴雀 (紅交嘴雀)
hóng jiāo-zuǐ-què
'red cross-billed finch'
  歪嘴雀
wāi-zuǐ què
'crooked billed finch'
交嘴
jiāo-zuǐ
'cross-bill'
交嘴雀
jiāo-zuǐ-què
'cross-billed finch'
交嘴鸟 (交嘴鳥)
jiāo-zuǐ-niǎo
'cross-billed bird'
交喙鸟 (交喙鳥)
jiāo-huì-niǎo
'cross-billed bird'
青交嘴
qīng jiāo-zuǐ
'blue/black cross-bill'
솔잣새
soljas-sae
'crossbill bird'
Loxia leucoptera
link to photo
White-winged crossbill
Bec-croisé bifascié
Bindenkreuzschnabel
Белокрылый клест
ナキイスカ
(鳴き交喙, 鳴き鶍)
naki-isuka
'crying isuka' (for characters, see above)
  白翅交嘴雀 (白翅交嘴雀)
bái-chì jiāo-zuǐ-què
'white-winged cross-billed finch'
  交嘴
jiāo-zuǐ
'cross-bill'
交嘴鸟 (交嘴鳥)
jiāo-zuǐ-niǎo
'cross-billed bird'
交喙鸟 (交喙鳥)
jiāo-huì-niǎo
'cross-billed bird'
흰죽지솔잣새
huin-jukji-soljas-sae
'white-wingjointed crossbill bird
Latin
English
Japanese
Other J
Chinese
Chinese (Taiwan)
Other Ch
Korean
Pyrrhula              
Pyrrhula pyrrhula
link to photolink to photo
Eurasian bullfinch
Northern bullfinch
Common bullfinch
Bullfinch
Cassin's bullfinch
Bouvreuil pivoine
Gimpel
Обыкновенный снегирь
ウソ
(鷽)
uso
'uso'
ウソドリ
(鷽鳥)
uso-dori
'uso bird'
ウソヒメ
(鷽姫)
uso-hime
'uso princess' (possibly related to hime 'hawfinch')
红腹灰雀 (紅腹灰雀)
hóng-fù huī-què
'red-bellied grey-finch'
 
xué
'xue'
拙老婆
zhuō lǎopó
'stupid wife'
멋쟁이
meot-jaengi
'mountain jaeng-i
Coccothraustes              
Coccothraustes coccothraustes
link to photolink to photo
Hawfinch
Gros-bec casse-noyaux
Kernbeisser
Обыкновенный дубонос
シメ
(鴲, 蝋嘴)
shime
'shime' (the first character is Japanese-made, the second pair means 'waxbill', from the Chinese name - see left)
ヒメ
(鴲, 鳹)
hime
'hime' (both are Japanese-made characters)
锡嘴雀 (錫嘴雀)
xī-zuǐ-què
'tin-billed finch'
臘嘴雀
là-zuǐ-què
'cured meat-billed finch'
锡嘴
xī-zuǐ
'tin bill'
老锡儿
lǎo xīr
'old xir'
厚嘴鸟
hòu-zuǐ niǎo
'thick-billed bird'
콩새
kong-sae
'bean ? bird'
Eophona              
Eophona migratoria
Coccothraustes migratorius
link to photolink to photolink to photolink to photo
Yellow-billed grosbeak
Black-tailed hawfinch
Chinese grosbeak
Gros-bec migrateur
Schwarzschwanz-Kernbeisser
Малый черноголовый дубонос
コイカル
(小桑鳲, 小鵤, 小斑鳩 )
ko-ikaru
'small ikaru'
  黑尾蜡嘴雀 (黑尾蠟嘴雀)
hēi-wěi là-zuǐ-què
'black-tailed wax-billed finch'
小桑鳲
xiǎo sāng-shī
'small mulberry shi'
蜡嘴
là-zuǐ
'wax bill'
皂儿
zàor
'black'
밀화부리
milhwa-buri
'milhwa bill'
Eophona personata
Coccothraustes personatus
link to photolink to photo
Japanese grosbeak
Masked hawfinch
Gros-bec masqué
Maskenkernbeisser
Большой черноголовый дубонос
イカル
(桑鳲, , 斑鳩)
ikaru
'ikaru' (characters are 1. from the Chinese, see left; 2. a Japanese-created character; 3. Chinese characters meaning 'pied pigeon')
サンコウチョウ
(三光鳥)
sankōchō
'three light bird' (also name of Terpsiphone atrocaudata)
マメマワシ
(豆回し)
mame-mawashi
'bean turner' (from habit of turning beans in bill as it eats)
イカルガ
(斑鳩)
ikaruga
'ikaruga' (written 'pied pigeon')
黑头蜡嘴雀 (黑頭蠟嘴雀)
hēi-tóu là-zuǐ-què
'black-headed wax-billed finch'
桑鳲
sāng-shī
'mulberry shi'
蜡嘴
là-zuǐ
'wax bill'
梧桐
wú-tóng
'Chinese parasol tree'
큰부리밀화부리
keun-buri-milhwa-buri
large-billed milhwa bill'
Latin
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru
Japanese
Other J
Chinese
Chinese (Taiwan)
Other Ch
Korean
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