Vo Quy and Nguyen Cu use the same Vietnamese name for the Fringillidae and the Emberizidae: Họ Sẻ dồng. Nguyen, Le and Phillipps distinguish the Fringillidae as Họ Sẻ thông. |
General
The following is based on analysis of dictionaries and other sources. Comments and corrections welcome. Malaysian names are now being updated. For consistency, Vietnamese bird names (except for ducks and chickens) are preceded by the word Chim meaning 'bird'. Ornithological lists mostly omit this as understood. Hover over Green Lettering Green lettering at this site hides a tool tip with glosses, further explanations, etc. Hover cursor to reveal. to see additional information.
Vietnam does not have a large number of finch species and there is no unique name for them. Apart from the Scarlet Finch, grosbeaks, and crossbills, most are identified as some kind of Sẻ, which normally refers narrowly to the sparrows but can be interpreted more broadly as covering sparrows and finches in general.
The Scarlet Finch and grosbeaks are given the name Mỏ to 'large bill', which may be related to the English word 'grosbeak' or French gros-bec. The distinctive crossbills (Loxia) are known as Mỏ chéo 'slanting bill'.
Ornithological naming
Under Vo and Nguyen's original scheme, the Fringillidae are named as follows:
1. Sẻ thông 'pine- sparrow' is used for the greenfinches (Chloris) and siskins (Spinus).
2. Sẻ dồng 'field-sparrow' is used for the Brambling (Fringilla) and the Buntings (Emberizidae).
3. Sẻ hồng 'rosy sparrow' is used for the rosefinches (Erythrina and Procarduelis).
4. Sẻ mỏ ngắn 'short-billed sparrow' is used for the Bullfinch (Pyrrhula).
5. Mỏ to 'large bill' is used for the Scarlet Finch (Haematospiza), Hawfinch (Coccothraustes), and grosbeaks (Eophona).
6. Mỏ chéo 'slanting bill' is used for the Crossbills (Loxia).
Ornithologically, the disadvantage of these names is that the Brambling is given the same name as the buntings. In order to distinguish the fringillids from the buntings, Nguyen, Le & Phillipps generalise Chim sẻ thông 'pine-sparrow (bird)' as a name for the Fringillidae, extending it to the genera Fringilla, Erythrina, and Pyrrhula. But because of a potential naming conflict between the Brambling and the Black-headed Greenfinch (both Chim Sẻ thông đầu đen), the Black-headed Greenfinch is instead given the bunting name Chim sẻ đồng 'field-sparrow (bird)', which rather defeats the point of the exercise.
The naming used in 13 is:
1. Sẻ thông 'pine-finch' is used for the Greenfinches (Chloris) -- except Chloris ambigua -- the Brambling (Fringilla), the rosefinches (Erythrina), and the Bullfinch (Pyrrhula).
2. Sẻ đồng 'field-sparrow' is used for the buntings (Emberizidae) and the Black-headed Greenfinch (Chloris ambigua).
3. Mỏ to 'large bill' is used for the Scarlet Finch (Haematospiza) and the grosbeaks (Eophona).
4. Mỏ chéo 'slanting bill' is used for the crossbills (Loxia).
This reform of naming is not adopted by TVC in his 2008 list.
Family name
There is traditionally no distinction between the Fringillidae and the Emberizidae in Vietnamese, and Vo and Nguyen actually give both the same family name of Họ Sẻ dồng. Nguyen, Le & Phillipps distinguish the Fringillidae as Họ Sẻ thông, which is adopted here. TVC calls them Họ Sẻ dồng Finches.
Species names
| FRINGILLINAE | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN |
VIETNAMESE |
EAST ASIAN |
S. E. ASIAN |
|||||
| Fringilla | ||||||||
Latin |
English/French |
Vietnamese |
Other V |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Thai |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Fringilla montifringilla |
Brambling Mountain finch Pinson du nord Pinson des Ardennes |
Chim Sẻ đồng đầu đen 'black-headed field-sparrow (bird)' (12) |
Chim Sẻ đồng 'field-sparrow (bird)' (34) Chim Sẻ thông đầu đen 'black-headed pine-sparrow (bird)' (13) (conflicts with Carduelis ambigua) Chim Sẻ núi 'mountain-finch (bird)' |
燕雀 (燕雀) 'swallow-finch' Taiwan: (花雀) 花雀 'flowery finch' |
アトリ (花鶏 ~ 猲子鳥) atori 'brambling' |
นกจาบปีกอ่อนอกสีส้ม nók càap-pìik-òaan òk-sĭi-sôm 'orange-breasted soft-winged-weaverbird (bird)' |
||
| CARDUELINAE | ||||||||
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN |
VIETNAMESE |
EAST ASIAN |
S. E. ASIAN |
|||||
| COCCOTHRAUSTINI | ||||||||
| Mycerobas | ||||||||
Latin |
English/French |
Vietnamese |
Other V |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Thai |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
| Mycerobas melanozanthos Coccothraustes melanozanthos |
Spot-winged grosbeak Spotted-wing grosbeak Gros-bec à ailes tachetées |
Chim Mỏ to cánh chấm 'dot-winged large-bill (bird)' (34) |
Chim Mỏ to cánh đốm 'spot-winged large-bill (bird)' (from Internet) |
黑腰拟蜡嘴雀 (黑腰擬蠟嘴雀) 'black-rumped pseudo wax-billed finch' (2, 4) 白点翅拟蜡嘴雀 (白點翅擬蠟嘴雀) 'white spot-winged pseudo wax-billed finch' (alt in 1, 3) 斑翅拟蜡嘴雀 (斑翅擬蠟嘴雀) 'stripe-winged pseudo wax-billed finch' (5) |
キバラクロシメ (黄腹黒鴲 ~ 黄腹黒蝋嘴) ki-bara kuro shime 'yellow-bellied black hawfinch' |
นกกระติ๊ดใหญ่ปีกลาย nók krà-tít yày pìik-laay 'stripe-winged large-munia (bird)' |
||
| Eophona | ||||||||
Latin |
English/French |
Vietnamese |
Other V |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Thai |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
| Eophona migratoria Coccothraustes migratorius |
Yellow-billed Grosbeak or Chinese Grosbeak Black-tailed Hawfinch Gros-bec migrateur |
Coccothraustes migratorius (12): Chim Mỏ to đầu đen 'black-headed large-bill (bird)' (12, 13, 34) |
黑尾蜡嘴雀 (黑尾蠟嘴雀) 'black-tailed wax-billed finch' Taiwan: (小桑鸤) 小桑鳲 'small mulberry grosbeak' |
コイカル (小桑鳲 ~ 小鵤 ~ 小斑鳩) ko-ikaru 'small grosbeak' |
นกกระติ๊ดใหญ่ปากเหลือง nók krà-tít yày pàak-lĕuaŋ 'yellow-billed large-munia (bird)' |
|||
| CARPODACINI | ||||||||
| Erythrina | ||||||||
Latin |
English/French |
Vietnamese |
Other V |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Thai |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
| Erythrina erythrina Carpodacus erythrinus |
Common rosefinch Roselin cramoisi |
Chim Sẻ hồng mura 'mura rosy sparrow (bird)' (12) |
Chim Sẻ hồng phương bắc 'northern pine-sparrow (bird)' (34) Chim Sẻ thông mura 'mura pine-sparrow (bird)' (13) |
普通朱雀 (普通朱雀) 'common vermilion-finch' Taiwan: (普通朱雀) 普通朱雀 'common vermilion-finch' |
アカマシコ (赤猿子) aka mashiko 'red rosefinch' |
นกจาบปีกอ่อนสีกุหลาบ nók càap-pìik-òaan sĭi-kù-làap 'rose soft-winged-weaverbird (bird)' |
||
| Haematospiza | ||||||||
Latin |
English/French |
Vietnamese |
Other V |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Thai |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
| Haematospiza sipahi |
Scarlet finch Cipaye écarlate |
Chim Mỏ to lưng đỏ 'red-backed large-bill (bird)' (12, 34) |
血雀 (血雀) 'blood sparrow' |
シュイロマシコ (朱色猿子) shu-iro mashiko 'vermilion-coloured rosefinch' |
นกจาบปีกอ่อนสีแดง nók càap-pìik-òaan sĭi-daeeŋ 'red soft-winged-weaverbird (bird)' |
|||
| PYRRHULINI | ||||||||
| Pyrrhula | ||||||||
Latin |
English/French |
Vietnamese |
Other V |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Thai |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
| Pyrrhula nipalensis |
Brown bullfinch Bouvreuil brun |
Chim Sẻ mỏ ngắn 'short-billed sparrow (bird)' (12, 34) |
Chim Sẻ thông mỏ ngắn 'short-billed pine-sparrow (bird)' (13) |
褐灰雀 (褐灰雀) 'brown grey-finch' Taiwan: (褐鸴) 褐鷽 'brown bullfinch' |
チャイロウソ (茶色鷽) 'brown bullfinch' |
Burung Pipit Gunung 'brown sparrow (bird)' (onomat.) (pipit, see sparrows) (26, 27) Burung Cakar Coklat 'brown scratcher (bird)' (onomat.) (see buntings) (24) |
||
| Procarduelis | ||||||||
Latin |
English/French |
Vietnamese |
Other V |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Thai |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
| Procarduelis nipalensis Carpodacus nipalensis |
Dark-breasted rosefinch Dark rosefinch Roselin sombre |
Chim Sẻ hồng Nêpan 'Nepalese rosy sparrow (bird)' (12, 34) |
暗胸朱雀 (暗胸朱雀) 'dark-breasted vermilion-finch' |
クリムネアカマシコ (栗胸赤猿子) kuri-mune aka mashiko 'chestnut-breasted red rosefinch' |
นกจาบปีกอ่อนสีชมพูคล้ำ nók càap-pìik-òaan sĭi-cʰom-pʰuu kʰlám 'dark pink soft-winged-weaverbird (bird)' |
|||
| CARDUELINI | ||||||||
| Chloris | ||||||||
Latin |
English/French |
Vietnamese |
Other V |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Thai |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
| Chloris sinica Carduelis sinica |
Grey-capped Greenfinch East Asian Greenfinch Greenfinch Chinese greenfinch Verdier de Chine |
Chim Sẻ thông Trung Quốc 'Chinese pine-sparrow (bird)' (34) Chim Sẻ thông đầu xám 'grey-headed pine-sparrow (bird)' (13) |
金翅雀 (金翅雀) 'gold-winged finch' (1, 2, 3, 4) or 金翅 (金翅) 'gold-wing' (alt in 1, 3, 5)  Taxonomy
东方金翅 (東方金翅) 'eastern gold-wing' (5) Taiwan: (金翅雀) 金翅雀 'gold-winged finch' |
カワラヒワ (河原鶸) kawara hiwa 'river-bed siskin' |
||||
| Chloris monguilloti Carduelis monguilloti |
Vietnamese greenfinch Verdier du Vietnam |
Carduelis spinoides monguilloti (12): Chim Sẻ thồng họng vàng 'yellow-throated pine-sparrow (bird)' (12, 13, 34) |
越南金翅雀 (越南金翅雀) 'Vietnamese gold-winged finch' (4) |
ベトナムカワラヒワ (ベトナム河原鶸) betonamu kawara hiwa 'Vietnamese river-bed siskin' (Wikipedia) |
||||
| Chloris ambigua Carduelis ambigua |
Black-headed greenfinch Yunnan greenfinch Oustalet's Black-headed Greenfinch Verdier d'Oustalet |
Chim Sẻ thông đầu đen 'black-headed pine-sparrow (bird)' (12, 34) |
Chim Sẻ đồng đầu đen 'black-headed field-sparrow' (13) (conflicts with Fringilla montifringilla) |
黑头金翅雀 (黑頭金翅雀) 'black-headed gold-winged finch' (1, 2, 3, 4) 黑头金翅 (黑頭金翅) 'black-headed gold-wing' (5. alt in 1, 3) |
ズグロカワラヒワ (頭黒河原鶸) zu-guro kawara hiwa 'black-headed river-bed siskin' |
นกจาบปีกอ่อนเขียว nók càap-pìik-òaan kʰĭaw 'green soft-winged-weaverbird (bird)' |
||
| Loxia | ||||||||
Latin |
English/French |
Vietnamese |
Other V |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Thai |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
| Loxia curvirostra |
Red crossbill Crossbill Bec-croisé des sapins |
Chim Mỏ chéo 'slanting bill (bird)' (12, 34) |
红交嘴雀 (紅交嘴雀) 'red cross-billed finch' |
イスカ (交喙 ~ 鶍) isuka 'crossbill' |
||||
| Spinus | ||||||||
Latin |
English/French |
Vietnamese |
Other V |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Thai |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
| Spinus spinus Carduelis spinus |
Eurasian siskin Spruce siskin Siskin Tarin des aulnes |
Chim Sẻ thông vàng 'yellow pine-sparrow (bird)' (34) Chim Sẻ thông Siskim 'siskin pine-sparrow (bird)' (13) |
Chim Hoàng yến 'yellow swallow' (from Chinese) |
黄雀 (黃雀) 'yellow-sparrow' Taiwan: (黄雀) 黄雀 'yellow-sparrow' |
マヒワ (真鶸) ma-hiwa 'true siskin' |
|||
The name Sẻ đồng 'field sparrow' is shared with the Emberizidae. In order to draw a clear distinction between the two families, Nguyen, Le & Phillipps attempt to assign the name Chim sẻ thông 'pine-sparrow (bird)' to those members of the Fringillidae that bear the name Sẻ 'sparrow', with the glaring exception of Carduelis ambigua, which due to a naming conflict with the Brambling Fringilla montifringilla takes on the name Sẻ đồng 'field sparrow' (i.e., bunting).
นกจาบปีกอ่อน nók càap-pìik-òaan 'soft-winged-weaverbird (bird)' is used in Thai as the equivalent both to English 'finch' (Fringillidae) and to English 'bunting' (Emberizidae). In Thai these kinds of birds were not traditionally distinguished from each other, and they were considered kinds of จาบ càap 'weaver' (Ploceidae).
The name アトリ atori has traditionally been written: 1. as 花鶏 literally 'flower chicken/fowl', an old Chinese name for the Brambling; 2. using the character combination 猲子鳥, also presumably of Chinese origin.
The name イスカ isuka has traditionally been written: 1. with the Chinese name of the crossbill, 交喙 meaning 'crossed bill'; 2. using the Japanese created character 鶍.
The name シメ shime has traditionally been written: 1. with the Japanese-created (or adapted) character 鴲, 2. the Chinese name of the bird, written 蝋嘴 'wax bill'.
A variety of Chinese characters or character combinations have traditionally been used to write the word イカル ikaru: 1. the characters 桑鳲, identified as the Chinese name for the grosbeaks; 2. the Japanese-created character 鵤; 3. the Chinese characters 斑鳩 meaning 'striped pigeon'.
中国鸟类种和亚种分类名录大全（修订版） 郑作新 著 科学出版社 北京 2000年
A Complete Checklist of Species and Subspecies of the Chinese Birds (Revised Edition) by Cheng Tso-Hsin, Science Press, Beijing 2000
中国鸟类分类与分布名录 主编：郑光美 科学出版社 北京 2005年
A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of China Chief editor: Zheng Guangmei, Science Press, Beijing 2005
中国鸟类野外手册（中文版）约翰・马敬能、卡伦・菲利普斯，合作者：荷芬奇，翻译：卢和芬 湖南教育出版社 长沙 2000年
A Field Guide to the Birds of China (Chinese translation) by John MacKinnon, Karen Phillipps, in collaboration with He Fen-qi, translated by Lu Hefen, Hunan Jiaoyu Chubanshe (Hunan Educational Press) Changsha 2000
世界鸟类分类与分布名录 主编：郑光美 科学出版社 北京 2002年
A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of the World Chief editor: Zheng Guangmei, Science Press, Beijing 2002
世界鸟类名称（拉丁文、汉文、英文对照）第二版 郑作新等 科学出版社 北京 2002年
Birds of the World (Latin, Chinese and English Names) 2nd ed. by Cheng Tso-Hsin et al, Science Press, Beijing 2002
Danh Lục Chim Việt Nam (In lần thứ hai) (Checklist of the Birds of Vietnam) Võ Quý, Nguyễn Cử, Nhà Xuất Bản Nông Nghiệp, Hà Nội 1999
Chim Việt Nam Nguyễn Cử, Lê Trọng Trải, Karen Phillipps; Nhà Xuất Bản Lao Động - Xã Hội, 2000
Senarai Nama-nama Burung Semenanjung Malaysia dan Asia Tenggara by Ismail, Abdul Rahman, Perhilitan (Jabatam Perlindungan Hidupan Liar dan Taman Negara, Semenanjung Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur 1981
(List of the Names of Birds of Peninsular Malaysia and Southeast Asia by Ismail, Abdul Rahman, Department of Wildlife and National Parks, Peninsular Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 1981)
A Field Guide to the Birds of West Malaysia and Singapore by Jeyarajasingam, Allen and Alan Pearson, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1999
The Birds of the Thai-Malay Peninsula: Vol. 2 - Passerines by Wells, David R., Christopher Helm, A&C Black, London 2007
Danh Lục Các Loài Chim ở Việt Nam (Latinh, Việt, Pháp, Hán) Trần Văn Chánh 2008-2009
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