Phasianidae
Họ Trĩ

General names

The following is based on analysis of dictionaries and other sources. Thai names are currently being revised. Comments and corrections are welcome.

Note on Vietnamese naming: With the exception of ducks and chickens, it is normal for Vietnamese bird names to include the word Chim meaning 'bird', even where not indicated in the tables. All bird and animal names can be preceded by the classifier con, which is used for living creatures.

Members of the Phasianidae in Vietnam include the pheasants, partridges, quails, francolin, tragopans, and peafowl. The Phasianidae are important sources of game and domesticated birds. The world's domestic fowl are descended from the Red Jungle Fowl, a member of this family.

Many Vietnamese members of the Phasianidae are called Gà, which we rather genteelly gloss as 'fowl' but is also the usual term for the domestic chicken (con gà). There are several time-honoured names used for the pheasants. Gà lôi is the name of the Silver Pheasant and similar pheasants. Literally this could be interpreted as 'thunder-fowl' or 'thunder chicken', although the old Chu Nom script evolved a separate character () to disambiguate the bird from 'thunder' (雷). Gà gô is used for the Chinese Francolin. Gà so is used for various partridges, especially the Mountain Bamboo Partridge. Gà tiền ('coin fowl/chicken', possibly referring to the bird's ocelli) is used for the peacock pheasants.

Apart from names using Gà, Vietnamese has several other names for members of the Phasianidae.

The Chinese Francolin is also known as Đa đa.

The quails are normally known as Cun cút or Chim cút. Some dictionaries also list Chim giải as a word for 'quail'. Naturalists, on the other hand, use Cay.

The Common Pheasant is known as Trĩ (or Chim trĩ), from Chinese 雉 zhì.

The Peacock is known as Công or Cuông, possibly related to Chinese 孔 kǒng (as in 孔雀 kǒngquè 'peacock').

In naming the Phasianidae, Vietnamese naturalists assign names as follows:

The most interesting of these names is Cay ('quail'), a word not found in normal Vietnamese dictionaries. It is possibly a borrowing from French 'caille'. Naturalists appear to have adopted Cay for the quails because they assign the common word for 'quail', Cun cút, to the button quails (Turnicidae).

Characters used for phasianids in the now obsolete Chu Nom characters include:

Name	Chu Nom Images from the Vietnamese Nôm Preservation Foundation dictionary. (Errors are the sole responsibility of the author of this site)
Gà gô	;
Đa đa	; (Chinese character)
Gà lôi
Gà rừng
Trĩ	(Chinese character)

Species names

ABOUT THIS TABLE (Hover cursor to see)

PERDICINAE SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN VIETNAMESE EAST ASIAN S. E. ASIAN Latin English/French Vietnamese Other V Chinese Japanese Thai Malay Indonesian Francolinus                 Francolinus pintadeanus Chinese francolin Francolin perlé Đa đa 'da da' or Gà gô 'ga go' (ga = 'fowl')   中华鹧鸪 zhōnghuá zhègū 'Chinese partridge' or 鹧鸪 zhègū 'partridge' (Alternative in 1, 3) コモンシャコ (小紋鷓鴣) komon shako 'fine-pattern partridge' นกกระทาทุ่ง nók-krà-tʰaa tʰûŋ 'field-partridge (bird)'     Coturnix                 Coturnix japonica Japanese quail Caille du Japon Cay Nhật Bản 'Japanese cay'   鹌鹑 ānchun 'quail' (2, 4) 日本鹌鹑 rìběn ānchun 'Japanese quail' (3, 5) Taiwan: 鵪鶉 ānchun 'quail' ウズラ (鶉) uzura 'quail' นกคุ่มญี่ปุ่น nók-kʰûm yîi-pùn 'Japanese quail (bird)'     Coturnix coromandelica Rain quail Caille nattée Cay Ấn Độ 'Indian cay'   黑胸鹌鹑 hēi-xiōng ānchun 'black-breasted quail' ムナグロウズラ (胸黒鶉) muna-guro uzura 'black-breasted quail' นกคุ่มอกดำ nók-kʰûm òk-dam 'black-breasted quail (bird)'     Coturnix chinensis Excalfactoria chinensis Blue-breasted quail or King quail Indian blue quail Caille peinte Cay Trung Quốc 'Chinese cay'   蓝胸鹑 lán-xiōng chún 'blue-breasted quail' Taiwan: 小鵪鶉 xiǎo ānchun 'small quail' ヒメウズラ (姫鶉) hime uzura 'princess quail' นกคุ่มสี nók-kʰûm sĭi 'painted quail (bird)' Burung Pikau 'quail bird' Puyuh Batu 'slaty quail' Arborophila                 Arborophila torqueola Common hill partridge Hill partridge Torquéole à collier Gà so họng đen 'black-throated partridge'   环颈山鹧鸪 huán-jǐng shān-zhègū 'ring-necked mountain partridge' アカガシラミヤマテッケイ (赤頭深山竹鶏) aka-gashira mi-yama tekkei 'red-headed deep-mountain bamboo-fowl'       Arborophila rufogularis Rufous-throated hill partridge Rufous-throated partridge Torquéole à gorge rousse Gà so họng hung 'reddish-throated partridge'   红喉山鹧鸪 hóng-hóu shān zhègū 'red-throated mountain partridge' ノドアカミヤマテッケイ (喉赤深山竹鶏) nodo-aka mi-yama tekkei 'red-throated deep-mountain bamboo-fowl' นกกระทาดงคอสีแสด nók-krà-tʰaa-doŋ kʰoaa-sĭi-sàeet 'red-orange-throated jungle-partridge (bird)'     Arborophila brunneopectus Bar-backed hill partridge Bar-backed partridge Brown-breasted hill partridge Torquéole à poitrine brune Gà so họng trắng 'white-throated partridge'   褐胸山鹧鸪 hè-xiōng shān-zhègū 'brown-breasted mountain partridge' チャムネミヤマテッケイ (茶胸深山竹鶏) cha-mune mi-yama tekkei 'brown-breasted deep-mountain bamboo-fowl' นกกระทาดงอกสีน้ำตาล nók-krà-tʰaa-doŋ òk-sĭi-nám-taan 'brown-breasted jungle-partridge (bird)' -   Latin English/French Vietnamese Other V Chinese Japanese Thai Malay Indonesian Arborophila davidi Orange-necked hill partridge Orange-necked partridge David's tree partridge Torquéole de David Gà so cổ hung 'reddish-necked partridge'   橙颈山鹧鸪 chéng-jǐng shān-zhègū 'orange-necked mountain partridge' サイゴンミヤマテッケイ (サイゴン深山竹鶏) Saigon mi-yama tekkei 'Saigon deep-mountain bamboo-fowl'       Arborophila charltonii Arborophila charltoni Chestnut-necklaced hill partridge Chestnut-necklaced partridge Torquéole à poitrine châtaine Gà so ngực gụ 'ebony-breasted partridge (13) Note Gà so cổ hung 'reddish-necked partridge' (Internet source) Note   栗胸山鹧鸪 lì-xiōng shān-zhègū 'chestnut-breasted mountain partridge' クリチャミヤマテッケイ (栗茶深山竹鶏) kuri-cha mi-yama tekkei 'chestnut-brown deep-mountain bamboo-fowl' นกกระทาดงปักษ์ใต้ nók-krà-tʰaa-doŋ pàk-tây 'southern region (=South Thailand) jungle-partridge (bird)' Burung Sang Scrok 'sang scrok bird' Puyuh Gonggong Kalung 'necklaced barking? quail' Arborophila chloropus Tropicoperdix chloropus Green-legged Hill Partridge Scaly-breasted partridge Torquéole des bois Gà so ngực gụ 'ebony-breasted partridge'   绿脚山鹧鸪 lǜ-jiǎo shān-zhègū 'green-footed mountain partridge' ミドリアシミヤマテッケイ (緑足深山竹鶏) midori ashi mi-yama tekkei 'green-legged deep-mountain bamboo-fowl' นกกระทาดงแข้งเขียว nók-krà-tʰaa-doŋ kʰâaeŋ-kʰĭaw 'green-shinned jungle-partridge (bird)'     Arborophila chloropus merlini Arborophila merlini Tropicoperdix merlini Annam partridge Annamese hill partridge Torquéole de Merlin Gà so Trung bộ 'central district partridge'   越南山鹧鸪 Yuènán shān-zhègū 'Vietnamese mountain partridge' キアシミヤマテッケイ (黄足深山竹鶏) ki-ashi mi-yama tekkei 'yellow-legged deep-mountain bamboo-fowl'       Bambusicola                 Bambusicola fytchii Mountain bamboo partridge Mountain bamboo-partridge Bambusicole de Fytch Gà so 'partridge'   棕胸竹鸡 zōng-xiōng zhú-jī 'reddish-brown-breasted bamboo-fowl' ウンナンコジュケイ (雲南小綬鶏) Unnan ko-jukei 'Yunnan small jukei' นกกระทาป่าไผ่ nók-krà-tʰaa pàa-pʰày 'bamboo-forest partridge (bird)'     Latin English/French Vietnamese Other V Chinese Japanese Thai Malay Indonesian

PHASIANINAE SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN VIETNAMESE EAST ASIAN S. E. ASIAN Latin English/French Vietnamese Other V Chinese Japanese Thai Malay Indonesian Tragopan                 Tragopan temminckii Temminck's tragopan Tragopan de Temminck Gà lôi tía 'purple thunder-fowl'   红腹角雉 hóng-fù jiǎo-zhì 'red-bellied horned pheasant' ベニジュケイ (紅綬鶏) beni jukei 'red jukei'       Gallus                 Gallus gallus Red junglefowl Coq bankiva Gà rừng 'forest fowl'   原鸡 yuán-jī 'primitive fowl' セキショクヤケイ (赤色野鶏) seki-shoku ya-kei 'red-coloured wild fowl' ไก่ป่า kày pàa 'forest fowl' (understood as 'wild chicken') Ayam Hutan 'forest fowl' Ayam Hutan Merah 'red forest fowl' Lophura                 Lophura nycthemera Silver pheasant Faisan argenté Gà lôi trắng 'white thunder-fowl' Gà lôi 'thunder-fowl' Gà lôi vằn 'speckled thunder-fowl' 白鹇 bái-xián 'white xian' ハッカン (白鷴) hakkan 'hakkan' (from Chinese) ไก่ฟ้าหลังขาว kày-fáa lăŋ-kʰăaw 'white-backed sky-fowl/regal-fowl (=pheasant)'     Lophura imperialis Imperial pheasant Faisan impérial Gà lôi lam mào đen 'black crested blue thunder-fowl' Gà lôi mào đen 'black crested thunder-fowl' (13)   皇鹇 huáng-xián 'imperial xian' テイオウキジ (帝王雉) teiō kiji 'emperor pheasant'       Lophura edwardsi Edwards's pheasant Edwards' pheasant Faisan d'Edwards Gà lôi lam mào trắng 'white crested blue thunder-fowl' Gà lôi mào trắng 'white crested thunder-fowl' (13)   爱氏鹇 Ài-shì xián 'Mr Ai's xian' (literally Mr Love's xian) コサンケイ (小山鶏) ko sankei 'small mountain fowl'       Lophura hatinhensis Vietnamese pheasant Vo Quy's pheasant Faisan du Vietnam Gà lôi lam đuôi trắng 'white tailed blue thunder-fowl' or Gà lừng 'lung fowl' Gà lôi Hà Tĩnh 'Ha Tinh thunder-fowl' (Ha Tinh is a province in Central Vietnam) (13)   越南鹇 Yuènán xián 'Vietnamese xian' (4) ベトナム雉 (ベトナムキジ) Betonamu kiji 'Vietnamese pheasant' (Wikipedia)       Lophura diardi Siamese fireback Siamese fireback pheasant Diard's fireback pheasant Faisan prélat Gà lôi hồng tía 'rosy purple thunder-fowl'   戴氏火背鹇 Dài-shì huǒ-bèi xián 'Mr Dai's fire-backed xian' (4) 泰国火背鹇 Tài-guó huǒ-bèi xián 'Thai fire-backed xian' (5) シマハッカン (縞?白鷴) shima hakkan 'striped ? hakkan' ไก่ฟ้าพญาลอ kày-fáa pʰa-yaa-loaa 'peacock-pheasant sky-fowl/regal-fowl (=pheasant)' (pʰa-yaa-loaa is an alternative name for the peacock-pheasant)     Latin English/French Vietnamese Other V Chinese Japanese Thai Malay Indonesian Phasianus                 Phasianus colchicus Common pheasant Faisan de Colchide Trĩ đỏ 'red pheasant' Trĩ đỏ khoang cổ 'ring-necked red pheasant' 环颈雉 huán-jǐng zhì 'ring-necked pheasant' (1, 2, 4) 雉鸡 zhì-jī 'pheasant fowl' (3, 5. Alternative in 1) Taiwan: 環頸雉 huán-jǐng zhì 'ring-necked pheasant' コウライキジ (高麗雉) kōrai kiji 'Korean pheasant' (released species)       Polyplectron                 Polyplectron germaini Germain's peacock-pheasant Germain's peacock pheasant Eperonnier de Germain Gà tiền mặt đỏ 'red-faced coin fowl (?)'   眼斑孔雀雉 yǎn-bān kǒng-què zhì 'spotted peafowl pheasant' カッショクコクジャク (褐色小孔雀) kasshoku ko kujaku 'brown small peafowl'       Polyplectron bicalcaratum Grey peacock-pheasant Burmese peacock pheasant Grey peafowl pheasant Eperonnier chinquis Gà tiền mặt vàng 'golden-faced coin fowl (?)'   灰孔雀雉 huī kǒng-què zhì 'grey peafowl pheasant' コクジャク (小孔雀) ko kujaku 'small peafowl' นกแว่นสีเทา nók-wâeen sĭi-tʰaw 'grey spectacle bird'     Rheinardia                 Rheinardia ocellata Crested argus Argus ocellé Trĩ sao 'starred pheasant'   冠眼斑雉 guàn yǎn-bān zhì 'crested eye-spot pheasant' (4) 风头眼斑雉 fèngtóu yǎn-bān zhì 'crested eye-spot pheasant' (5) カンムリセイラン (冠青鸞) kanmuri seiran 'crested blue luán' (the luán is a mythical Chinese bird similar to the phoenix)       Pavo                 Pavo muticus Green peafowl Paon spicifère Công or Cuông 'peafowl'   绿孔雀 lǜ kǒng-què 'green peafowl' (literally 'green kong sparrow/finch'. Kong is a surname, that of Confucius, connection unclear) クジャク (孔雀) kujaku 'peafowl' (from Chinese) นกยูง nók-yûuŋ 'peafowl (bird)' - Merak Hijau 'green peafowl' Latin English/French Vietnamese Other V Chinese Japanese Thai Malay Indonesian

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