Phasianidae / Гургуулынхан (Gurguulynkhan)

General names

This list should be regarded as being 'in beta'. Information is based on dictionaries and other sources. Pronunciation still needs fine-tuning. Comments and corrections welcome.

Members of the Phasianidae are well served linguistically in Mongolian. In ordinary standard usage, the following names are used:

• The Hazel Grouse is known as Хөтүү khötüü (also Хүтүү khütüü)
• The Black Grouse is known as Хур khur
• The Capercaillies are known as Сойр soir
• The Ptarmigans/Willow Grouse and Partridges are known as Ятуу yatuu (but see below)
• The Snowcocks are known as Хойлог khoilog
• The Chukar is known as Хахилаг khakh'lag
• The Quails are known as Бөднө bödn (with alternative forms Бүднэ büdn and Бүднээ büdnee)
• The Pheasants are known as Гургуул gurguul.

Some of these names are shared with Kazakh and other languages of Central Asia. For example the Chukar is Хахилаг khakh'lag in Mongolian, Кекілік in Kazakh, Кеклик in Russian, and Keklik in Turkish. The quails are known as Бөднө bödn in Mongolian and Бөдене in Kazakh. There are other suggestive similarities (these need etymological confirmation): The Black Grouse is Хур khur in Mongolian, Құр in Kazakh. The Pheasant is Гургуул gurguul in Mongolian, Қырғауыл in Kazakh.

Interestingly, a couple of Mongolian names have been locally borrowed into Chinese, although perhaps only as an example of 'other names found in China'. Сойр soir has been borrowed as 苏衣尔 sūyī'ěr to refer to the Willow Grouse and 包日-苏衣尔 bāorì sūyī'ěr (possibly Бор сойр) has been borrowed for the Hazel Grouse. Хойлог khoilog has been borrowed as 槐拉格 huáilāgé for the Tibetan Snowcock.

Regularised names:

The 2007 official names make one major change to the naming of the Phasianidae. The members of the Lagopus genus are given the name Ахууна akhuunn, which was previously applied to the Gaviidae. The reason given for this major change is that akhuunn is the term used by local people for these birds.

In addition, the name of the quail is changed to a more current form in modern Mongolian.

Species names

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TETRAONINAE SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN MONGOLIAN EAST ASIAN C. ASIAN Latin English/Russian Mongolian Other M Chinese Japanese Korean Kazakh Tetrastes               Tetrastes bonasia Bonasa bonasia Hazel grouse Рябчик Шивэр хөтүү Shiver khötüü 'Siberian grouse' Хөтүү khötüü 'grouse' 花尾榛鸡 huā-wěi zhēn-jī 'flower-tailed hazel fowl' エゾライチョウ (蝦夷雷鳥) Ezo raichō 'Hokkaido thunder bird' 들꿩 deul-kkwong 'meadow pheasant' Сұр құр Tetrao               Tetrao urogallus Western capercaillie Capercaillie Wood Grouse Глухарь, Обыкновенный глухарь Эгэл сойр egel soir 'common capercaillie' Сойр soir 'capercaillie' or Ердийн сойр yordin soir 'common capercaillie' 松鸡 sōng-jī 'pine fowl' (1, 2, 4, 5) 西方松鸡 Xīfāng sōng-jī 'western pine fowl' (3. Alternative in 1, 5) ヨーロッパオオライチョウ (ヨーロッパ大雷鳥) Yōroppa ō raichō 'European large thunder bird'   Меңіреу құр Tetrao parvirostris Black-billed capercaillie Spotted capercaillie Каменный глухарь Нургийн сойр nurgin soir 'nurgin capercaillie' Нургийн сойр nurgin soir 'nurgin capercaillie' 黑嘴松鸡 hēi-zuǐ sōng-jī 'black-billed pine fowl' オオライチョウ (大雷鳥) ō raichō 'large thunder bird'     Lyrurus               Lyrurus tetrix Tetrao tetrix Eurasian black grouse Black grouse Тетерев, Косач Хар хур khar khur 'black grouse' Хур khur 'grouse' 黑琴鸡 hēi qín jī 'black zither fowl' クロライチョウ (黒雷鳥) kuro raichō 'black thunder bird' 멧닭 me-t-dalg 'mountain fowl' Құр Lagopus               Lagopus muta Lagopus mutus Rock ptarmigan Тундренная куропатка Цэвдгийн ахууна tsevdgin akhuunn 'tundra ptarmigan' Цэвдгийн цагаан ятуу tsevdgin tsagaan yatuu 'tundra white partridge' 岩雷鸟 yán léi-niǎo 'rock thunder bird' ライチョウ (雷鳥) raichō 'thunder bird'   Тундра аққұры Lagopus lagopus Willow grouse or Red grouse Willow ptarmigan Белая куропатка Цагаан ахууна tsagaan akhuunn 'white ptarmigan' Цагаан ятуу tsagaan yatuu 'white partridge' 柳雷鸟 liǔ léi-niǎo 'willow thunder bird' (1, 2, 3, 4) 雷鸟 léi-niǎo 'thunder bird' (5. Alternative in 1) カラフトライチョウ (樺太雷鳥) Karafuto raichō 'Sakhalin thunder bird'   Аққұр

PERDICINAE SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN MONGOLIAN EAST ASIAN C. ASIAN Latin English/Russian Mongolian Other M Chinese Japanese Korean Kazakh Tetraogallus               Tetraogallus altaicus Altai snowcock Altai snow cock Алтайский улар, Алтайская горная индейка Алтайн хойлог Altain khoilog 'Altai snowcock' Алтайн хойлог Altain khoilog 'Altai snowcock' 阿尔泰雪鸡 Ā'ěrtài xuě-jī 'Altai snow fowl' アルタイセッケイ (アルタイ雪鶏) Arutai sekkei 'Altai snow fowl'   Алтай ұлары Alectoris               Alectoris chukar Chukar partridge Chukar Chukor partridge Кеклик, Азиатский кэклик, Азиатская каменная куропатка Эрээнхавирга хахилаг ereen-khav'rag khakh'lag 'mottle-sided chukar' Хахилаг khakh'lag 'chukar' 石鸡 shí-jī 'rock fowl' イワシャコ (岩鷓鴣) iwa-shako 'rock shako'   Кекілік Perdix               Perdix dauurica Daurian partridge Бородатая куропатка Дагуур ятуу Daguur yatuu 'Daur partridge' Дагуурын ятуу Daguurуn yatuu 'Daurian partridge' 斑翅山鹑 bān-chì shān-chún 'spotted/barred wing mountain quail' ヤマウズラ (山鶉) yama-uzura 'mountain quail'   Сақалды шіл Coturnix               Coturnix coturnix Common quail Обыкновенный перепел Эгэл бөднө egel bödn 'common quail' Бүднэ büdn 'quail' or Бүднээ büdnee 'quail' 西鹌鹑 xī ānchun 'western quail' (2, 4) 鹌鹑 ānchun 'quail' (3, 5) Note ヨーロッパウズラ (ヨーロッパ鶉) Yōroppa uzura 'European quail'   Бөдене Coturnix japonica Japanese quail Немой, Японский перелел Наран бөднө Naran bödn 'Japanese quail' Наран бүднээ Naran büdnee 'Japanese quail' 鹌鹑 ānchun 'quail' (2, 4) 日本鹌鹑 Rìběn ānchun 'Japanese quail' (3, 5) ウズラ (鶉) uzura 'quail' 메추라기 me-churagi 'mountain quail'

PHASIANINAE SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN MONGOLIA EAST ASIAN C. ASIAN Latin English/Russian Mongolian Other M Chinese Japanese Korean Kazakh Phasianus               Phasianus colchicus Common pheasant Фазан, Обыкновенный фазан Зэрлэг гургуул zerleg gurguul 'wild pheasant' Гургуул gurguul 'pheasant' 环颈雉 huán-jǐng zhì 'ring-necked pheasant' (1, 2, 4) 雉鸡 zhì-jī 'pheasant fowl' (3, 5. Alternative in 1) コウライキジ (高麗雉) Kōrai kiji 'Korean pheasant' (released species) 꿩 kkwong 'pheasant' Қырғауыл

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