General names
This list should be regarded as being 'in beta'. Information is based on dictionaries and other sources. Many Kazakh, Turkish, and Korean glosses are highly tentative. Comments and corrections welcome.
The loons or divers have long been known in Mongolian as Ахууна akhuun. This is the name that is almost universally listed in monolingual and bilingual dictionaries. However, in the most recent authoritative list of Mongolian bird names, the name Ахууна akhuun is transferred to the genus Lagopus i.e., ptarmigans and Willow Grouse. The reason given is that actual local usage applies akhuun to the ptarmigans, not the divers.
The new name proposed for the divers is Гахуун gakhuuŋ, a term not carried in most dictionaries at all. Like Ахууна akhuun, however, which means 'bitter', Гахуун gakhuuŋ is a term for an 'astringent' or 'burnt' flavour.
Species names
ABOUT THIS TABLE (Hover cursor to see) SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN |
MONGOLIAN |
EAST ASIAN |
TURKIC |
|||||
| Gavia | ||||||||
Latin |
English/Russian |
Mongolian |
Former & Other M |
Chinese (incl. Taiwan) |
Japanese |
Korean |
Kazakh |
Turkish |
Gavia stellata |
Red-throated loon or Red-throated diver Краснозобая гагара |
Улаангүеэ гахуун ulaaŋ-güee gakhuuŋ 'red-throated gakhuuŋ' |
Улаан омруут ахууна ulaaŋ omruut akhuun 'red-breasted akhuun' |
红喉潜鸟 (紅喉潛鳥) 'red-throated diving bird' Taiwan: (红喉潜鸟) 紅喉潛鳥 'red-throated diving bird' |
アビ (阿比) abi 'abi' |
아비 abi 'abi' |
Қызылжемсаулы гагара qızıl-jemsawlı gagara 'red-throated grebe' (from Russian) |
Kızılgerdan Dalgıç 'red-jowled grebe' |
| Gavia arctica |
Arctic loon or Black-throated diver Black-throated loon Чернозобая гагара |
Хилэнгүеэ гахуун khileŋgüee gakhuuŋ 'velvet-throated gakhuuŋ' |
Хилэн омруут ахууна khileŋ omruut akhuun 'velvet-breasted akhuun' |
黑喉潜鸟 (黑喉潛鳥) 'black-throated diving bird' or 绿喉潜鸟 (綠喉潛鳥) 'green-throated diving bird' (Alternative in 1) Taiwan: (黑喉潜鸟) 黑喉潛鳥 'black-throated diving bird' |
オオハム (大波武) ō-hamu 'hamu' (hamu written 'wave warrior') |
큰회색머리아비 keun-hoe-saeng-meori-abi 'large grey-headed diver' |
Қаражемсаулы гагара qara-jemsawlı gagara 'black-throated grebe' (from Russian) |
Karagerdanlı Dalgıç 'black-jowled grebe' |
