General names
This list should be regarded as being 'in beta'. Information is based on dictionaries and other sources. Pronunciation still needs fine-tuning. Comments and corrections welcome.
The Мongolian name for the falcons is Шонхор shonkhor. (At an earlier stage it is possible that Шонхор shonkhor also referred to accipitrids, but in modern Mongolian it refers to the falcons).
Some species names are difficult to elucidate, although a comparison with Kazakh reveals some tantalising clues. There have clearly been borrowings between Mongolian and other Central Asian languages. Historically the direction is said to be from Turkic languages into Mongolian.
The name Шонхор shonkhor (classical form singqur) itself is quite similar to the Kazakh name of the Gyrfalcon, Сұңқар.
Red-footed Falcon: The name Турамтай turamtai, also found in the form Торомтой toromtoi, appears to also refer to a kind of hawk in Mongolian. The word is clearly related to the Kazakh name for the Merlin, Тұрымтай, which was possibly borrowed from Mongolian.
Common Kestrel: The name Начин nachin refers to a kind of raptor, probably a falcon. Начин шонхор nachin shonkhor is thus partially redundant.
Saker Falcon (Идлэг шонхор idleg shonkhor): The Идлэг idleg (or Итлэг itleg, Идлэг начин idleg nachin, Идлэг шувуу idleg shuvuu) is a kind of raptor, identity unclear. In Classical form it is idelgü. The resemblance to the Kazakh name Ителгі is obvious.
Gyr Falcon: Although the old official name Жадан шонхор jadan shonkhor 'lance falcon' has a discernible (although hard to fathom) meaning, what is interesting is the parallel with the Chinese name 矛隼 , which also means 'lance falcon'. The similarity suggests that a loan translation (calque) may be involved.
Laggar Falcon: Although this does not appear in the list of birds found in Mongolia, it has a Mongolian name: Жагар шонхор jagar shonkhor. Жагар jagar is an old name for India; the name thus means 'Indian falcon'. The Mongolian name seems clearly related to the scientific name Falco jugger.
Species names
| FALCONINAE | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN |
MONGOLIAN |
EAST ASIAN |
C. ASIAN |
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Latin |
English/Russian |
Mongolian |
Former & Other M |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Korean |
Kazakh |
| Falco | |||||||
Falco naumanni |
Lesser kestrel Степная пустельга |
Зээрд шонхор zeerd shonkhor 'chestnut-coloured falcon' |
Зээрд шонхор zeerd shonkhor 'chestnut-coloured falcon' |
黄爪隼 'yellow-clawed falcon' |
ヒメチョウゲンボウ (姫長元坊) hime chōgenbō 'princess chogenbo' |
Дала күйкентайы | |
| Falco tinnunculus |
Common kestrel Eurasian kestrel Kestrel Обыкновенная пустельга |
Начин шонхор nachin shonkhor 'falcon falcon' (nachin also means 'falcon') |
Начин шонхор nachin shonkhor 'falcon falcon' (nachin also means 'falcon') |
红隼 'red falcon' |
チョウゲンボウ (長元坊) chōgenbō 'chogenbo' |
황조롱이 hwang-jorongi 'yellow sparrowhawk' |
Кәдімгі күйкентай |
| Falco vespertinus |
Red-footed falcon Western red-footed falcon Кобчик |
Турамтай шонхор turamtai shonkhor 'turamtai falcon' |
Турамтай шонхор turamtai shonkhor 'turamtai falcon' |
西红脚隼 'western red-footed falcon' (2, 4) 红脚隼 'red-footed falcon' (3)  Note |
ニシアカアシチョウゲンボウ (西赤足長元坊) nishi aka-ashi chōgenbō 'western red-legged chogenbo' |
Бөктергі | |
| Falco amurensis |
Amur falcon Eastern red-footed falcon Manchurian red-footed falcon Red-legged falcon Амурский кобчик |
Амарын шонхор amarуn shonkhor 'quiet (?) falcon' |
Амарын турамтай шонхор amarуn turamtai shonkhor 'quiet (?) turamtai falcon' |
红脚隼 'red-footed falcon' (1, 2, 4, 5) 阿穆尔隼 'Amur falcon' (3) Note |
アカアシチョウゲンボウ (赤足長元坊) aka-ashi chōgenbō 'red-legged chogenbo' |
비둘기조롱이 bidulgi-jorongi 'pigeon sparrowhawk' |
|
| Falco columbarius |
Merlin Дербник |
Хайргууна шонхор khairguunn shonkhor 'khairguun' falcon' |
Хайргууна шонхор khairguunn shonkhor 'khairguun' falcon' |
灰背隼 'grey-backed falcon' |
コチョウゲンボウ (小長元坊) ko chōgenbō 'small chogenbo' |
쇠황조롱이 soe-hwang-jorongi 'small yellow sparrowhawk' |
Тұрымтай |
Latin |
English/Russian |
Mongolian |
Former & Other M |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Korean |
Kazakh |
| Falco subbuteo |
Eurasian hobby Northern hobby Hobby Чеглок, Обыкновенный чеглок |
Шууман шонхор shuuman shonkhor 'shuuman falcon' |
Шууман шонхор shuuman shonkhor 'shuuman falcon' |
燕隼 'swallow falcon' |
チゴハヤブサ (稚児隼) chigo hayabusa 'child hayabusa' |
새홀리기 saeholligi 'saeholligi' |
Жағалтай |
| Falco cherrug |
Saker falcon Балобан, Обыкновенный балобан |
Идлэг шонхор idleg shonkhor 'hawk falcon' (idleg refers to a kind of hawk, identity unclear) |
Идлэг шонхор idleg shonkhor 'hawk falcon' (idleg refers to a kind of hawk, identity unclear) |
猎隼 'hunting falcon' |
セーカーハヤブサ (セーカー隼) sēkā hayabusa 'saker hayabusa' |
헨다손매 hendason-mae 'Henderson (?) hawk' |
Ителгі |
| Falco rusticolus Falco gyrfalco |
Gyr falcon Кречет |
Цагаан шонхор tsagaan shonkhor 'white falcon' |
Жадан шонхор jadan shonkhor 'lance falcon' |
矛隼 'lance falcon' |
シロハヤブサ (白隼) shiro hayabusa 'white hayabusa' |
Ақ сұңқар | |
| Falco peregrinus |
Peregrine falcon Сапсан |
Эгэл шонхор egel shonkhor 'common falcon' |
Эгэл шонхор egel shonkhor 'common falcon' |
游隼 'roaming falcon' |
ハヤブサ (隼) hayabusa 'hayabusa' |
매 mae 'hawk' |
Лашын |
| Falco pelegrinoides | Barbary falcon Шахин, Рыжеголовый сокол |
Шилийн шонхор shilin shonkhor 'hill falcon' |
拟游隼 'pseudo roaming falcon' (2, 4, 5) Note |
バーバリーハヤブサ (バーバリー隼) bābarii hayabusa 'Barbary hayabusa' |
Бидайық | ||
Latin |
English/Russian |
Mongolian |
Former & Other M |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Korean |
Kazakh |
Floating Menu by Milonic |
Tool tips by Walter Zorn |
