Rallidae
Түнжүүрийнхэн
tüŋjüüriŋkheŋ

General names

This list should be regarded as being 'in beta'. Information is based on dictionaries and other sources. Many Kazakh, Turkish, and Korean glosses are highly tentative. Comments and corrections welcome.

The name for the rails in Mongolian sources is Түнжүүр tüŋjüür, which unmodified refers to the Water Rail (Rallus aquaticus). Under the old nomenclature, this name was used for all the rails. The rails are also known as Тарач тахиа tarach takhia.

The Dusky Moorhen is known as the Ханчир khaŋchir, or more commonly, Доголон ханчир dogoloŋ khaŋchir 'limping moorhen'. The Coot is known as the Халзан шувуу khalzaŋ shuvuu 'bald-foreheaded bird'.

In Inner Mongolian dictionaries, Ханчир khaŋchir is used in as a general name for the rails. The waterhens are known as Шалбаа ханчир shalbaa khaŋchir 'swamp khanchir'. The Coot is known as Халзан харгууна khalzaŋ kharguun 'bald-foreheaded coot'. Another name for the rails is Тарич тахиа tarich takhia)

Regularised names:

In the 2007 list of Mongolian birds, each genus is given its own name. Түнжүүр tüŋjüür is retained for the Water Rail. The Common Moorhen is given the name Ханчир khaŋchir.

The rest of the family is named with what seem to be artificial variations on Түнжүүр tüŋjüür.

Two of these names are listed in the dictionary and quite literally mean 'bald' (at the front), which would make sense for the Moorhen and the Coot, but not for the other genera. Two other names, not in the dictionary, are variations on Түнжүүр tüŋjüür, one formed through omission of the final consonant (Түнжүү tüŋjüü), one through omission of the final consonant and addition of an extra syllable (Түнжүүхэй tüŋjüükhei).

Species names

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SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN		MONGOLIAN		EAST ASIAN			TURKIC
Coturnicops
Latin	English/Russian	Mongolian	Former & Other M	Chinese (incl. Taiwan)	Japanese	Korean	Kazakh	Turkish
Coturnicops exquisitus Porzana exquisita	Swinhoe's rail or Swinhoe's crake Swinhoe's yellow rail Белокрылый погоныш	Бичилхэн түнжгэр bichilkheŋ tüŋjger 'small rail (variant)'	Бичилхэн түнжүүр bichilkheŋ tüŋjüür 'small rail'	花田鸡 (花田雞) huā tián-jī 'flowery paddy-fowl/chicken'	シマクイナ (縞秧鶏 ~ 縞水鶏) shima kuina 'striped rail' (kuina written 1. 'seedling-fowl/chicken' or 2. 'water-fowl/chicken', from Chinese)	알락뜸부기 allak-tteumbugi 'spotted rail'
Rallus
Latin	English/Russian	Mongolian	Former & Other M	Chinese (incl. Taiwan)	Japanese	Korean	Kazakh	Turkish
Rallus aquaticus Rallina aquatica	Water rail Пастушок	Усны түнжүүр usni tüŋjüür 'water rail'	Түнжүүр tüŋjüür 'rail'	普通秧鸡 (普通秧雞) pǔtōng yāng-jī 'common seedling-fowl/chicken' Taiwan: (秧鸡) 秧雞 yāng-jī 'seedling-fowl/chicken'	クイナ (秧鶏 ~ 水鶏) kuina 'rail' (written 1. 'seedling-fowl/chicken' or 2. 'water-fowl/chicken', from Chinese)	흰눈썹뜸부기 huin-nunsseop-tteumbugi 'white-eyebrowed rail'	Сутартар sw-tartar 'water-rail'	Su Kılavuzu 'water rail'
Crex
Latin	English/Russian	Mongolian	Former & Other M	Chinese (incl. Taiwan)	Japanese	Korean	Kazakh	Turkish
Crex crex	Corncrake or Corn crake Коростель	Явган түнжйн yavgaŋ tüŋjiŋ 'walking rail (variant)'	Тариан түнжүүр tariaŋ tüŋjüür 'grain rail'	长脚秧鸡 (長腳秧雞) cháng-jiǎo yāng-jī 'long-legged seedling-fowl/chicken'	ウズラクイナ (鶉秧鶏 ~ 鶉水鶏) uzura kuina 'quail rail' (kuina written 1. 'seedling-fowl/chicken' or 2. 'water-fowl/chicken', from Chinese)		Шәукілдек şäwkildek 'crake'	Bıldırcın Kılavuzu 'quail rail'
Amaurornis
Latin	English/Russian	Mongolian	Former & Other M	Chinese (incl. Taiwan)	Japanese	Korean	Kazakh	Turkish
Amaurornis phoenicurus	White-breasted waterhen White-breasted water hen Белогрудый погоныш	Цагааномруут түнжүүхэй tsagaaŋ-omruut tüŋjüükhei 'white-bellied rail (variant)'		白胸苦恶鸟 (白胸苦惡鳥) bái-xiōng kǔ-è-niǎo 'white-breasted kǔ-è bird' (onomat. kǔ-è is written 'bitter evil') Taiwan: (白腹秧鸡) 白腹秧雞 bái-fù yāng-jī 'white-bellied seedling-fowl/chicken'	シロハラクイナ (白腹秧鶏 ~ 白腹水鶏) shiro-hara kuina 'white-bellied rail' (kuina written 1. 'seedling-fowl/chicken' or 2. 'water-fowl/chicken', from Chinese)	흰배뜸부기 huin-bae-tteumbugi 'white-bellied rail'
Porzana
Latin	English/Russian	Mongolian	Former & Other M	Chinese (incl. Taiwan)	Japanese	Korean	Kazakh	Turkish
Porzana pusilla	Baillon's crake Погоныш-крошка	Оодон түнжгэр oodoŋ tünjger 'short rail (variant)'	Оодон түнжүүр oodoŋ tüŋjüür 'short rail'	小田鸡 (小田雞) xiǎo tián-jī 'small paddy-fowl/chicken' Taiwan: (小秧鸡) 小秧雞 xiǎo yāng-jī 'small seedling-fowl/chicken'	ヒメクイナ (姫水鶏 ~ 姫秧鶏) hime kuina 'princess rail' (kuina written 1. 'seedling-fowl/chicken' or 2. 'water-fowl/chicken', from Chinese)	쇠뜸부기 soe-tteumbugi 'small rail'	Титтей тартар tïttey tartar 'tiny rail'	Küçük Sutavuğu 'small water-tavugu'
Porzana porzana	Spotted crake Погоныш	Тоодон түнжгэр toodoŋ tünjger 'short rail (variant)'	Тоодон түнжүүр toodoŋ tüŋjüür 'short rail'	斑胸田鸡 (斑胸田雞) bān-xiōng tián-jī 'stripe-breasted paddy-fowl/chicken' Taiwan: (斑胸田鸡) 斑胸田雞 bān-xiōng tián-jī 'stripe-breasted paddy-fowl/chicken'	コモンクイナ (小紋水鶏 ~ 小紋秧鶏) komon kuina 'fine-patterned rail' (kuina written 1. 'seedling-fowl/chicken' or 2. 'water-fowl/chicken', from Chinese)		Тартар tartar 'rail'	Benekli Sutavuğu 'spotted water-tavugu'
Gallinula
Latin	English/Russian	Mongolian	Former & Other M	Chinese (incl. Taiwan)	Japanese	Korean	Kazakh	Turkish
Gallinula chloropus	Common moorhen Moorhen Common gallinule Камышница	Хажилгат ханчир khajilgat khaŋchir 'fringed (?) moorhen'	Хажилгат түнжүүр khajilgat tüŋjüür 'fringed (?) rail'	黑水鸡 (黑水雞) hēi shuǐ-jī 'black water-fowl/chicken' or 红骨顶 (紅骨頂) hóng gǔ-dǐng 'red bone top' (Alternative in 1, 3, 5) Taiwan: (红冠水鸡) 紅冠水雞 hóng-guān shuǐ-jī 'red-crested water-fowl/chicken'	バン (鷭) ban 'coot'	쇠물닭 soe-mul-dalg 'small water-fowl/chicken'	Қызылқасқа сутартар qızıl-qasqa sw-tartar 'red-eyebrowed water-rail'	Saztavuğu 'reed tavugu'
Fulica
Latin	English/Russian	Mongolian	Former & Other M	Chinese (incl. Taiwan)	Japanese	Korean	Kazakh	Turkish
Fulica atra	Common coot or Eurasian coot Black coot Coot Лысуха	Халзан түнжүү khalzaŋ tüŋjüü 'bald-foreheaded rail (variant)'	Халзан түнжүүр khalzaŋ tüŋjüür 'bald-foreheaded rail'	白骨顶 (白骨頂) bái gǔ-dǐng 'white bone top' or 骨顶鸡 (骨頂雞) gǔ-dǐng jī 'bone top fowl' (Alternative in 1, 3) Taiwan: (白冠鸡) 白冠雞 bái-guān jī 'white-crested fowl'	オオバン (大鷭) ō ban 'large coot'	물닭 mul-dalg 'water-fowl/chicken'	Қасқалдақ qasqaldak 'coot'	Sakarmeke 'coot'

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