Sturnidae
Họ Sáo

General names

The following is based on analysis of dictionaries and other sources. Comments and corrections are welcome.

Note on Vietnamese naming: With the exception of ducks and chickens, it is common for Vietnamese bird names to be preceded by the word Chim meaning 'bird', although it is normally omitted in Vietnamese bird lists. All bird names, whether they include chim or not, can be preceded by the classifier con, which is used for living creatures.

The Sturnidae in Vietnam are represented by the starlings and the mynahs, the latter being famous for their ability to imitate human speech. Vietnam is also home to a member of Aplonis (glossy starlings).

Chim sáo is a general term in Vietnamese that covers most of the starlings and mynahs, as well as similar-looking birds -- it's used for some members of Zoothera (see thrushes). (Some dictionaries also suggest that it is used for kingfishers and magpies.)

The Common Starling and the Southern Grackle are called the Chim sáo đá 'rock-starling (bird)'. The light-coloured Black-collared Starling (S. nigricollis) is known as the Chim sáo sậu or the Chim cà cưỡng (with some dialectal variation).

The well-known Hill Myna (Southern Grackle) has its own special names, Chim yểng or Chim nhồng. The former is virtually identical with the Thai word for 'mynah'.

Naturalists apply the following naming to sturnid genera:

Chữ Nôm

Characters used for accipitrids in the now obsolete Chữ Nôm characters include:

Name	Chữ Nôm Images from the Vietnamese Nôm Preservation Foundation dictionary. (Errors are the sole responsibility of the author of this site)
Sáo	, , , , ,
Cưỡng
Yểng	,
Nhồng

Species names

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STURNINAE
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN		VIETNAMESE		EAST ASIAN		S. E. ASIAN
Aplonis
Latin	English/French	Vietnamese	Other V	Chinese (incl. Taiwan)	Japanese	Thai	Malaysian	Indonesian
Aplonis panayensis	Asian glossy starling Asian glossy-starling Philippine glossy starling Stourne bronzé Merle bronzé de Panay	Chim Sáo xanh 'blue/green starling (bird)'		亚洲辉椋鸟 (亞洲輝椋鳥) yàzhōu huī liáng-niǎo 'Asian shining starling' (4) 辉椋鸟 (輝椋鳥) huī liáng-niǎo 'shining dogwood-bird' (5) Taiwan: (辉椋鸟) 輝椋鳥 huī liáng-niǎo 'shining dogwood-bird' (introduced)	ミドリカラスモドキ (緑烏擬き) midori karasu-modoki 'green pseudo crow'	นกเอี้ยงดำปักษ์ใต้ nók îaŋ dam pàk-tây 'Southern region (= South Thailand) black mynah (bird)'	Burung Perling Mata Merah 'red-eyed starling (bird)' (24, 26, 27)	Burung Perling Kumbang 'glisteningblack starling (bird)' Taxonomy
Ampeliceps
Latin	English/French	Vietnamese	Other V	Chinese (incl. Taiwan)	Japanese	Thai	Malaysian	Indonesian
Ampeliceps coronatus	Golden-crested myna Gold-crested mynah Martin couronné	Chim Sáo vàng 'yellow starling (bird)'		金冠树八哥 (金冠樹八哥) jīn-guān shù bā-gē 'gold-crested tree mynah'	キガシラムクドリ (黄頭椋鳥) ki-gashira muku-dori 'yellow-headed muku-bird'	นกเอี้ยงหัวสีทอง nók îaŋ hŭa-sĭi-tʰoaaŋ 'gold-headed mynah (bird)'	Burung Tiong Jambul Emas 'gold-crested mynah (bird)' (24, 26) Burung Tiong Topeng Emas 'gold-masked mynah (bird)' (27)
Gracula
Latin	English/French	Vietnamese	Other V	Chinese (incl. Taiwan)	Japanese	Thai	Malaysian	Indonesian
Gracula religiosa	Hill myna Southern grackle Grackle Indian grackle Mainate religieux	Chim Nhồng 'mynah (bird)' or Chim Yểng 'mynah (bird)'	Chim Sáo đá 'rock-thrush (bird)' (generally used for the Common Starling and the Hill Mynah)	鹩哥 (鷯哥) liáo-gē 'liaoge'	キュウカンチョウ (九官鳥) kyūkan-chō 'nine-rank bird' (one theory : the bird comes after the eight Chinese bureaucratic ranks but ahead of ordinary commoners in intelligence)	นกขุนทอง nók kʰŭn-tʰoaaŋ 'Sir-Gold bird'	Burung Tiong Emas 'gold mynah (bird)' (26) Burung Tiong Mas 'gold mynah (bird)' (24) Burung Tiong Besar 'large mynah (bird)' (27)	Burung Tiong Emas 'gold mynah (bird)'
Acridotheres
Latin	English/French	Vietnamese	Other V	Chinese (incl. Taiwan)	Japanese	Thai	Malaysian	Indonesian
Acridotheres grandis Taxonomy	Great myna White-vented myna Great mynah Jungle myna Grand Martin	Chim Sáo mỏ vàng 'yellow-billed starling (bird)' Taxonomy		林八哥 (林八哥) lín bā-gē 'forest mynah' (1, 2, 3, 4) 丛八哥 (叢八哥) cóng bā-gē 'jungle mynah' (5) Taxonomy	オオハッカ (大八哥) ō hakka 'large mynah'	นกเอี้ยงหงอน nók îaŋ ŋŏaan 'crested mynah (bird)'	Burung Tiong Siam 'Siamese mynah (bird)' (27) Burung Tiong Jambul 'crested mynah (bird)' (24) Taxonomy Burung Tiong Jambul 'crested mynah (bird)' (26) Burung Tiong Jawa 'Javanese mynah (bird)' (24, 27) Taxonomy	Burung Kerak Kerbau 'waterbuffalo junglemynah (bird)' (onomat.) Burung Kerak Perut-pucat 'pale-bellied junglemynah (bird)' (onomat.) (introduced)
Acridotheres cristatellus	Crested myna Chinese jungle mynah Martin huppé	Chim Sáo đen 'black starling (bird)' or Chim Sáo mỏ ngà 'ivory-billed starling (bird)'	Chim Sáo 'starling (bird)' Chim Sáo sậu 'sậu starling (bird)' (officially used for Sturnus nigricollis) Chim Cù cốc 'cù cốc bird' (from Chinese 鴝鵒 qúyù) Chim Cù dục 'cù dục bird' (from Chinese 鴝鵒 qúyù) Chim Cú cốc 'cú cốc bird' (from Chinese 鴝鵒 qúyù) (dialect) Chim Bát bát 'bát bát bird' (dialect) Chim Bát ca 'bát ca bird' (from Chinese 八哥 bā-gē?) (dialect) Chim Hàn cao 'hàn cao bird' (from Chinese 寒皋 hán-gào)(dialect)	八哥 (八哥) bā-gē 'mynah' (bage = 'literally eight big-brother', from shape of wing markings) Taiwan: (八哥) 八哥 bā-gē 'mynah' (bage = 'literally eight big-brother', from shape of wing markings)	ハッカチョウ (八哥鳥) hakka-chō 'mynah bird' (from Chinese)	นกเอี้ยงหงอนก้นลาย nók îaŋ ŋŏaan kôn-laay 'stripe-vented, crested mynah (bird)'	Burung Tiong Jambul Cina 'Chinese crested mynah (bird)' (26) Burung Tiong Cina 'Chinese mynah (bird)' (24, 27) (introduced)
Acridotheres tristis	Common myna Common mynah House myna Martin triste	Chim Sáo nâu 'brown starling (bird)'		家八哥 (家八哥) jiā bā-gē 'house mynah' Taiwan: (家八哥) 家八哥 jiā bā-gē 'house mynah' (introduced)	カバイロハッカ (樺色八哥) kaba-iro hakka 'birch-coloured mynah' (=reddish yellow/yellowish brown colour)	นกเอี้ยงสาริกา nók îaŋ săa-rí-kaa 'mynah (bird)' (see magpie at Corvidae)	Burung Tiong Gembala Kerbau 'waterbuffalo herdsman mynah (bird)' (24, 26) Burung Tiong Rumah 'house mynah (bird)' (27)
Sturnus
Latin	English/French	Vietnamese	Other V	Chinese (incl. Taiwan)	Japanese	Thai	Malaysian	Indonesian
Sturnus burmannicus Acridotheres burmannicus	Vinous-breasted starling Jerdon's starling Etourneau vineux	Chim Sáo sậu đầu trắng 'white-headed sậu starling (bird)'		红嘴椋鸟 (紅嘴椋鳥) hóng-zuǐ liáng-niǎo 'red-billed dogwood-bird'	シロガシラムクドリ (白頭椋鳥) shiro-gashira muku-dori 'white-headed muku-bird'	นกกิ้งโครงหัวสีนวล nók kîŋ-kʰrooŋ hŭa-sĭi-nuan 'pale-headed starling (bird)'	Burung Tiong Dada Kelabu 'grey-breasted mynah (bird)' (27)
Sturnus nigricollis Gracupica nigricollis	Black-collared starling Black-necked starling Etourneau à cou noir	Chim Sáo sậu 'sậu starling (bird)' or Chim Cà cưỡng 'cà cưỡng bird' (Alternative in 13)	Chim Cưỡng 'cưỡng bird' (Northern dialects) Chim Cà cưởng 'cà cưởng bird' (Southern dialects) Chim Cà cượng 'cà cượng bird' (Central dialects)	黑领椋鸟 (黑領椋鳥) hēi-lǐng liáng-niǎo 'black-collared dogwood-bird' Taiwan: (黑领椋鸟) 黑領椋鳥 hēi-lǐng liáng-niǎo 'black-collared dogwood-bird'	クビワムクドリ (首輪椋鳥) kubi-wa muku-dori 'ring-necked muku-bird'	นกกิ้งโครงคอดำ nók kîŋ-kʰrooŋ kʰoaa-dam 'black-necked starling (bird)'	Burung Perling Leher Hitam 'black-necked starling (bird)' (27)
Sturnus contra Gracupica contra	Asian pied starling Pied starling Etourneau pie	Chim Sáo đá Á châu 'Asian rock starling (bird)' Chim Sáo đá Châu Á 'Asian rock starling (bird)' (13)		斑椋鸟 (斑椋鳥) bān liáng-niǎo 'striped dogwood-bird'	ホオジロムクドリ (頬白椋鳥) hō-jiro muku-dori 'white-cheeked muku-bird'	นกเอี้ยงด่าง nók îaŋ dàaŋ 'dotted mynah (bird)'	-	Burung Jalak Suren 'mahogany starling (bird)' Taxonomy
Sturnus sturninus Sturnia sturnina Agropsar sturninus	Purple-backed starling or Daurian starling Etourneau de Daourie	Chim Sáo đá lưng đen 'black-backed rock starling (bird)'		北椋鸟 (北椋鳥) běi liáng-niǎo 'northern dogwood-bird' Taiwan: (北椋鸟) 北椋鳥 běi liáng-niǎo 'northern dogwood-bird'	シベリアムクドリ (シベリア椋鳥) shiberia muku-dori 'Siberian muku-bird'	นกกิ้งโครงแกลบหลังม่วงดำ nók kîŋ-kʰrooŋ klàeep lăŋ-mûaŋ-dam 'black-purple-backed lesser-starling (bird)'	Burung Perling Belakang Ungu 'purple-backed starling (bird)' (24, 26, 27)	Burung Jalak Cina 'Chinese starling (bird)'
Sturnus sinensis Sturnia sinensis	White-shouldered starling Chinese starling Grey-backed starling Etourneau mandarin	Chim Sáo đá Trung Quốc 'Chinese rock starling (bird)'	Chim Bạch đầu ông 'white-headed old-man bird' (cf Chinese name for Pycnonotus sinensis)	灰背椋鸟 (灰背椋鳥) huī-bèi liáng-niǎo 'grey-backed dogwood-bird' Taiwan: (灰背椋鸟) 灰背椋鳥 huī-bèi liáng-niǎo 'grey-backed dogwood-bird' Taiwan former official: (噪林鸟) 噪林鳥 zào lín-niǎo 'noisy forest bird'	カラムクドリ (唐椋鳥) kara muku-dori 'Chinese muku-bird'	นกกิ้งโครงแกลบปีกขาว nók kîŋ-kʰrooŋ klàeep pìik-kʰăaw 'white-winged lesser-starling (bird)'	Burung Perling Bahu Putih 'white-shouldered starling (bird)' (24, 26, 27)
Latin	English/French	Vietnamese	Other V	Chinese (incl. Taiwan)	Japanese	Thai	Malaysian	Indonesian
Sturnus malabaricus Sturnia malabarica	Chestnut-tailed starling Ashy-headed starling Grey-headed starling Etourneau à tête grise	Chim Sáo đá đuôi hung 'reddish-tailed rock starling (bird)'		灰头椋鸟 (灰頭椋鳥) huī-tóu liáng-niǎo 'grey-headed dogwood-bird' Taiwan: (灰头椋鸟) 灰頭椋鳥 huī-tóu liáng-niǎo 'grey-headed dogwood-bird' (introduced)	インドコムクドリ (インド小椋鳥) indo ko muku-dori 'Indian small muku-bird'	นกกิ้งโครงแกลบหัวเทา nók kîŋ-kʰrooŋ klàeep hŭa-tʰaw 'grey-headed lesser-starling (bird)'	Burung Perling Ekor Perang 'auburn-tailed starling (bird)' (27)
Sturnus roseus Pastor roseus	Rosy starling Rose-coloured starling Etourneau roselin	Chim Sáo hồng 'rosy starling (bird)' (13)		粉红椋鸟 (粉紅椋鳥) fěn-hóng liáng-niǎo 'pink dogwood-bird' Taiwan: (粉红椋鸟) 粉紅椋鳥 fěn-hóng liáng-niǎo 'pink dogwood-bird'	バライロムクドリ (薔薇色椋鳥) bara-iro muku-dori 'rose-coloured muku-bird'	นกกิ้งโครงสีกุหลาบ nók kîŋ-kʰrooŋ sĭi-kù-làap 'rosy starling (bird)'	Burung Perling Hitam-Ros 'rosy (&) black starling (bird)' (27)
Sturnus sericeus Spodiopsar sericeus	Red-billed starling Silky starling Etourneau soyeux	Chim Sáo đá đầu trắng 'white-headed rock starling (bird)'		丝光椋鸟 (絲光椋鳥) sīguāng liáng-niǎo 'silk-light dogwood-bird' Taiwan: (丝光椋鸟) 絲光椋鳥 sīguāng liáng-niǎo 'silk-light dogwood-bird'	ギンムクドリ (銀椋鳥) gin muku-dori 'silver muku-bird'	นกกื้งโครงปากแดง nók kîŋ-kʰrooŋ pàak-daeeŋ 'red-billed starling (bird)'
Sturnus cineraceus Spodiopsar cineraceus	White-cheeked starling Grey starling Ashy starling Etourneau gris	Chim Sáo đá má trắng 'white-cheeked rock starling (bird)'		灰椋鸟 (灰椋鳥) huī liáng-niǎo 'grey dogwood-bird' Taiwan: (灰椋鸟) 灰椋鳥 huī liáng-niǎo 'grey dogwood-bird'	ムクドリ (椋鳥) muku-dori 'muku-bird'	นกกิ้งโครงแก้มขาว nók kîŋ-kʰrooŋ kâeem-kʰăaw 'white-cheeked starling (bird)'
Sturnus vulgaris	European starling Common starling Purple-winged starling Etourneau sansonnet	Chim Sáo đá xanh 'blue/green rock starling (bird)'	Chim Sáo đá 'stone-starling (bird)' (also applied to the Southern Grackle)	紫翅椋鸟 (紫翅椋鳥) zǐ-chì liáng-niǎo 'purple-winged dogwood-bird' Taiwan: (欧洲椋鸟) 歐洲椋鳥 ōuzhōu liáng-niǎo 'European dogwood-bird'	ホシムクドリ (星椋鳥) hoshi muku-dori 'starred muku-bird'	นกกิ้งโครงพันธุ์ยุโรป nók kîŋ-kʰrooŋ pʰan yú-rôop 'European species starling (bird)'

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