General
The following is based on analysis of dictionaries and other sources. Comments and corrections are welcome.
Note on Vietnamese naming: With the exception of ducks and chickens, it is common for Vietnamese bird names to be preceded by the word Chim meaning 'bird', although it is normally omitted in Vietnamese bird lists. All bird names, whether they include chim or not, can be preceded by the classifier con, which is used for living creatures.
The storks are generally known as Chim cò, a word broadly used for herons, ibises, and storks. Other terms for 'stork' are Chim khàng and Chim khoang.
However, the storks are also known as Chim hạc, which is derived from Chinese 鶴 meaning 'crane'. Indeed, Hạc also retains the meaning 'crane' in Vietnamese.
The adjutants are known as Chim già đẩy.
The ciconiids are named as follows by ornithologists:
| Vietnamese names | Genera |
| Cò | Storks (Mycteria, Anastomus, Ephippiorhynchus) |
| Hạc | Storks (Ciconia) |
| Già đẩy | Adjutants (Leptoptilos) |
The name Hạc (originally used for the cranes) is applied by ornithologists only to the genus Ciconia, which in turn gives its name to the family.
Chữ Nôm
The characters used for ardeids in the now obsolete Chữ Nôm characters include:
| Name | Chữ Nôm Images from the Vietnamese Nôm Preservation Foundation dictionary. (Errors are the sole responsibility of the author of this site) |
| Cò |  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  |
| Hạc |  |
Species names
ABOUT THIS TABLE (Hover cursor to see) SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN |
VIETNAMESE |
EAST ASIAN |
S. E. ASIAN |
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| Mycteria | ||||||||
Latin |
English/French |
Vietnamese |
Other V |
Chinese (incl. Taiwan) |
Japanese |
Thai |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Mycteria cinerea |
Milky stork Tantale blanc |
Chim Cò lạo xám 'grey lao stork (bird)' (cò='stork/heron/ibis') |
白鹮鹳 (白䴉鸛) 'white ibis-stork' (4) 灰鹮鹳 (灰䴉鸛) 'grey ibis-stork' (5) |
シロトキコウ (白朱鷺鸛) shiro toki kō 'white ibis-stork' |
นกกระสาปากเหลือง nók krà-săa pàak-lĕuaŋ 'yellow-billed stork (bird)' (nók krà-săa='stork/heron') |
Burung Upeh Bakau 'mangrove stork (bird)' (26) Burung Botak Upeh 'stork bald-bird' (24) Burung Botak Upih 'stork bald-bird' (25) |
Burung Bangau Bluwok 'stork stork/heron (bird)' (bluwok 'stork' from Javanese) |
|
| Mycteria leucocephala Mycteria leucocephalus |
Painted stork Tantale indien |
Chim Cò nhạn 'swallow stork (bird)' (cò='stork/heron/ibis') or Cò ốc 'snail stork (bird)' (cò='stork/heron/ibis') |
白头鹮鹳 (白頭䴉鸛) 'white-headed ibis-stork' |
インドトキコウ (インド朱鷺鸛) indo toki kō 'Indian ibis-stork' |
นกกาบบัว nók gàap-bua 'lotus-bract bird' |
Burung Upeh Sawah 'ricefield stork (bird)' (26) Burung Botak Padi 'paddy bald-bird' (24, 25) |
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| Anastomus | ||||||||
Latin |
English/French |
Vietnamese |
Other V |
Chinese (incl. Taiwan) |
Japanese |
Thai |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
| Anastomus oscitans |
Asian openbill Asian open-bill stork Bec-ouvert indien |
Chim Cò lạo Ấn Độ 'Indian lao stork (bird)' (cò='stork/heron/ibis') |
Giang sen 'lotus? giang' |
钳嘴鹳 (鉗嘴鸛) 'pincer-billed ibis-stork' |
スキハシコウ (隙嘴鸛) suki-hashi kō 'open-bill stork' |
นกปากห่าง nók pàak-hàaŋ 'gap-billed bird' |
Burung Botak Siput 'snail bald-bird' (25) |
|
| Ciconia | ||||||||
Latin |
English/French |
Vietnamese |
Other V |
Chinese (incl. Taiwan) |
Japanese |
Thai |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
| Ciconia nigra |
Black stork Cigogne noire |
Chim Hạc đen 'black hac bird' |
黑鹳 (黑鸛) 'black stork' Taiwan: (黑鹳) 黑鸛 'black stork' |
ナベコウ (鍋鸛) nabe-kō 'pot stork' |
นกกระสาดำ nók krà-săa dam 'black stork (bird)' (nók krà-săa='stork/heron') |
|||
| Ciconia episcopus |
Woolly-necked stork Cigogne épiscopale |
Chim Hạc cổ trắng 'white-necked hac bird' |
白颈鹳 (白頸鸛) 'white-necked stork' |
エンビコウ (燕尾鸛) enbi-kō 'swallow-tail stork' |
นกกระสาคอขาว nók krà-săa kʰoaa-kʰăaw 'white-necked stork (bird)' (nók krà-săa='stork/heron') |
Burung Upeh Leher Putih 'white-necked stork (bird)' (26) Burung Botak Leher Putih 'white-necked bald-bird' (24) Burung Botak Padang 'field bald-bird' (25) |
Burung Bangau Sandang-lawe 'yarn-clothed stork/heron (bird)' |
|
| Ephippiorhynchus | ||||||||
Latin |
English/French |
Vietnamese |
Other V |
Chinese (incl. Taiwan) |
Japanese |
Thai |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
| Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus Xenorhynchus asiaticus |
Black-necked stork Jabiru d'Asie |
Chim Cò Á châu 'Asian stork (bird)' (cò='stork/heron/ibis') |
黑颈鹳 (黑頸鸛) 'black-necked stork' |
セイタカコウ (背高鸛) sei-taka kō 'tall stork' |
นกกระสาคอดำ nók krà-săa kʰoaa-dam 'black-necked stork (bird)' (nók krà-săa='stork/heron') |
Burung Bangau Leher-hitam 'black-necked stork/heron (bird)' |
||
| Leptoptilos | ||||||||
Latin |
English/French |
Vietnamese |
Other V |
Chinese (incl. Taiwan) |
Japanese |
Thai |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
| Leptoptilos javanicus |
Lesser adjutant Lesser adjutant stork Marabout chevelu |
Chim Già đẩy Java 'Javanese gia day bird' |
秃鹳 (禿鸛) 'bald stork' |
コハゲコウ (小禿鸛) ko hage-kō 'small bald stork' |
นกตะกรุม nók tà-krum 'greedy bird' (from tà-krum tà-kraam 'voraciously') |
Burung Botak 'bald-bird' (26) Burung Botak Kecil 'small bald-bird' (24) Burung Botak Babi 'pig bald-bird' (25) |
Burung Bangau Tongtong 'tongtong stork/heron (bird)' |
|
| Leptoptilos dubius |
Greater adjutant Greater adjutant stork Marabout argala |
Chim Già đẩy lớn 'large gia day bird' |
Giang 'giang' Hạc già đẩy 'gia day stork' |
大秃鹳 (大禿鸛) 'large bald stork' |
オオハゲコウ (大禿鸛) ō hage kō 'large bald stork' |
นกตะกราม nók tà-kraam 'voracious bird' (from tà-krum tà-kraam 'voraciously') |
Burung Botak Besar 'large bald-bird' (dictionary) Burung Botak Babi Besar 'large pig bald-bird' (25) |
Burung Bangau Besar 'large stork/heron (bird)' |
