Turdidae / ツグミ科 (Tsugumi ka)

General names

Information is based on dictionaries and other sources. Species list may not be current. Comments and corrections welcome.

The Japanese name for the thrushes in general is ツグミ tsugumi, written 鶇. The word ツグミ tsugumi by itself refers to the Dusky Thrush (Turdus eunomus). According to Japanese sources, the use of the character 鶇 to refer to the thrushes is of Japanese origin. In Chinese, 鶇 originally referred to a different kind of bird. If this is the case, then the use of 鶇 dōng to refer to the thrushes in Chinese is actually inspired by Japanese.

There are a number of thrush species with names that don't contain the word ツグミ tsugumi, including シロハラ shiro-hara (白腹) meaning 'white belly', アカハラ aka-hara (赤腹) meaning 'red belly' and マミジロ (眉白) mami-jiro meaning 'white-eyebrow'.

Some names use the word シナイ shinai (), which in Classical Japanese referred to the larger thrushes. In combination it is voiced as ジナイ -jinai.

The Eurasian Blackbird is known as the クロウタドリ (黒歌鳥) kuro uta-dori 'black song bird'.

One localised species uses the dialect name アカコッコ (赤鶇 or 赤こっこ) aka-kokko 'red kokko' .

Species names

SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN		JAPANESE		CHINESE			KOREAN
Latin	Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru	Japanese	Other J	Chinese	Chinese (Taiwan)	Other Ch	Korean
Zoothera
Zoothera sibirica Turdus sibiricus	Siberian thrush Siberian ground thrush Grive de Sibérie Schieferdrossel Сибирский дрозд	マミジロ (眉白) mami-jiro 'white-eyebrow'	マユシロ (眉白) mayu-shiro 'white-eyebrow'	白眉地鸫 (白眉地鶇) bái-méi dì-dōng 'white eye-browed ground thrush'	白眉地鶇 bái-méi dì-dōng 'white eye-browed ground thrush'		흰눈썹지빠귀 huin-nunsseop-jippagwi 'white-eyebrowed thrush'
Zoothera aurea	White's Thrush or White's thrush Golden mountain thrush White's ground thrush Grive dorée Erddrossel	トラツグミ (虎鶇) tora tsugumi 'tiger thrush'	ヌエドリ (鵼鳥) nue-dori 'nue bird ヌエ (鵼 or 鵺) nue 'nue ヌエコドリ (鵼子鳥) nueko-dori nueko bird	虎斑地鸫 (虎斑地鶇) hǔ-bān dì-dōng 'tiger striped ground thrush' Note	白氏地鶇 Bái-shì dì-dōng 'Mr White's ground thrush'	顿鸡 (頓雞) dùn-jī 'pausing fowl (?)' meaning unclear 大花麦鴓 (大花麥鴓) dà-huā mài miè 'large-flower grain mie' See also Turdus pallidus 虎鶇 hǔ-dōng 'tiger thrush' (former Taiwan official name for Zoothera dauma and Zoothera aurea)	호랑지빠귀 horang-jippagwi 'tiger-and-wolf thrush'
Zoothera major	Amami thrush Grive d'Amami Amami-Erddrossel	オオトラツグミ (大虎鶇) ō tora tsugumi 'large tiger thrush'		阿迈地鸫 (阿邁地鶇) Āmài dì-dōng 'Amai ground thrush' (4)
Zoothera dauma Turdus dauma	Scaly thrush or White's thrush Grive dorée Erddrossel Пестрый дрозд	コトラツグミ (小虎鶇) ko tora tsugumi 'small tiger thrush' Note		虎斑地鸫 (虎斑地鶇) hǔ-bān dì-dōng 'tiger striped ground thrush' Note	虎斑地鶇 hǔ-bān dì-dōng 'tiger striped ground thrush'	虎鶇 hǔ-dōng 'tiger thrush' (former Taiwan official name for Zoothera dauma and Zoothera aurea)
Zoothera terrestris	Bonin thrush Bonin Island ground thrush Kittlitz's thrush Grive des Bonin Bonin-Erddrossel	オガサワラガビチョウ (小笠原画眉鳥) Ogasawara gabi-chō 'Bonin gabi bird' (gabi = huamei) (extinct)		启利氏地鸫 (啓利氏地鶇) Qǐlì-shì dì-dōng 'Mr Qili's ground thrush' (5)
Latin	English	Japanese	Other J	Chinese	Chinese (Taiwan)	Other Ch	Korean
Turdus
Turdus hortulorum	Grey-backed thrush Merle à dos gris Gartendrossel Сизый дрозд	カラアカハラ (唐赤腹) kara aka-hara 'Chinese red belly'		灰背鸫 (灰背鶇) huī-bèi dōng 'grey backed thrush'	灰背鶇 huī-bèi dōng 'grey backed thrush'		되지빠귀 doe-jippagwi 'doe thrush'
Turdus cardis	Japanese thrush Japanese grey thrush Grey thrush Merle du Japon Scheckendrossel Белобрюхий дрозд	クロツグミ (黒鶇) kuro-tsugumi 'black thrush'		乌灰鸫 (烏灰鶇) wū-huī dōng 'black grey thrush'	烏灰鶇 wū-huī dōng 'black grey thrush' 灰鶇 huī dōng 'grey thrush' (former official name)		검은지빠귀 geomeun-jippagwi 'black thrush'
Turdus merula	Eurasian blackbird or Common blackbird Blackbird Merle noir Amsel дрозд	クロウタドリ (黒歌鳥) kuro uta-dori 'black song-bird'	ブラックバード burakku-bādo 'blackbird' (English)	乌鸫 (烏鶇) wū-dōng 'black thrush'	黑鶇 hēi-dōng 'black thrush'	百舌 bǎi-shé 'hundred tongues' (see Laniidae) 反舌 fǎn-shé 'counter tongue' (bird 'talks back') 乌 (烏） wū-chūn 'dark chun' 乌鸟 (烏鳥) wū-niǎo 'dark bird' 中国黑鸫 (中國黑鶇) Zhōngguó hēi-dōng 'Chinese black thrush' 乌鸪 (烏鴣) wū-gū 'black gu'	대륙검은지빠귀 daeryuk-geomeun-jippagwi 'continental black thrush'
Turdus obscurus	Eyebrowed thrush Eye-browed thrush Merle obscur Weißbrauendrossel Дрозд оливковый	マミチャジナイ (眉茶) mami cha-jinai 'eyebrowed brown shinai'		白眉鸫 (白眉鶇) bái-méi dōng 'white-eyebrowed thrush'	白眉鶇 bái-méi dōng 'white-eyebrowed thrush'	眉鸫 (眉鶇) méi dōng 'eyebrowed thrush' (7)	흰눈썹붉은배지빠귀 huin-nunsseop-bulgeun-bae-jippagwi 'white-eyebrowed red-bellied thrush'
Turdus pallidus	Pale thrush Merle pâle Fahldrossel Бледный дрозд	シロハラ (白腹) shiro-hara 'white belly'		白腹鸫 (白腹鶇) bái-fù dōng 'white-bellied thrush'	白腹鶇 bái-fù dōng 'white-bellied thrush'	白眉鸫 (白眉鶇) bái-méi dōng 'white-eyebrowed thrush' 白眉白腹鸫 (白眉白腹鶇) bái-méi bái-fù dōng 'white-eyebrowed white-bellied thrush' 灰头鸫 (灰頭鶇) huī-tóu dōng 'grey-headed thrush' 灰头穿草鸡 (灰頭穿草雞) huī-tóu chuān-cǎo-jī 'grey-headed through-grass fowl' (See T. naumanni below) 银锭 (銀錠) yín-dìng 'silver ingot' 白眉灰麦鴓 (白眉灰麥鴓) bái-méi huī mài miè 'white-eyebrowed grey grain mie' (鴓 = warbler, see Phylloscopus coronatus, Anthus hodgsoni, and Zoothera aurea)	흰배지빠귀 huin-bae-jippagwi 'white-bellied thrush'
Turdus chrysolaus	Brown-headed thrush Red-billed thrush Rufous-breasted thrush Brown thrush Merle à flancs roux Rotkopfdrossel Золотистый дрозд	アカハラ (赤腹) aka-hara 'red belly'		赤胸鸫 (赤胸鶇) chì-xiōng dōng 'red-breasted thrush'	赤腹鶇 chì-fù dōng 'red-bellied thrush'	红腹鸫 (紅腹鶇) hóng-fù dōng 'red-bellied thrush' (7)	붉은배지빠귀 bulgeun-bae-jippagwi 'red-bellied thrush'
Turdus celaenops	Izu islands thrush Izu thrush Seven islands thrush Merle des Izu Kurodadrossel	アカコッコ (赤鶇 or 赤こっこ) aka-kokko 'red kokko' (dialect)' (kokko can be written 1. 'thrush' in Chinese characters or 2. in hiragana)		伊岛鸫 (伊島鶇) Yī-dǎo dōng 'Yi island thrush' (4) 七岛鸫 (七島鶇) qī-dǎo dōng 'seven island thrush' (5)
Latin	Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru	Japanese	Other J	Chinese	Chinese (Taiwan)	Other Ch	Korean
Turdus ruficollis	Red-throated thrush Dark-throated thrush Red-necked thrush Black-throated thrush Grive à gorge rousse Rotkehldrossel Краснозобый дрозд	ノドグロツグミ (喉黒鶇) nodo-guro tsugumi 'black-throated thrush'		赤颈鸫 (赤頸鶇) chì-jǐng dōng 'red-collared thrush'	赤頸鶇 chì-jǐng dōng 'red-collared thrush'		붉은목지빠귀 bulgeun-mok-jippagwi 'red-throated thrush'
Turdus naumanni	Naumann's thrush Grive de Naumann Naumann-Drossel Дрозд Науманна	ハチジョウツグミ (八丈鶇) hachi-jō tsugumi 'Hachijo thrush' (Hachijo = island name) (Wikipedia)		红尾鸫 (紅尾鶇) hóng-wěi dōng 'red-tailed thrush' (2)	紅尾鶇 hóng-wěi dōng 'red-tailed thrush'		노랑지빠귀 norang-jippagwi 'yellow thrush'
Turdus eunomus Note	Dusky thrush Grive à ailes rousses Rostflügeldrossel Бурый дрозд	ツグミ (鶇) tsugumi 'thrush'	シナイ () shinai 'shinai' (old word for thrush)	斑鸫 (斑鶇) bān-dōng 'striped thrush' Note	斑點鶇 bān-diǎn dōng 'stripe-dot thrush'	穿草鸡 (穿草雞) chuān-cǎo-jī 'pass through grass fowl' 窜儿鸡 (竄兒雞) cuànr-jī 'hiding / slinking away fowl' (meaning unclear)	개똥지빠귀 gaettong-jippagwi 'gaettong thrush'
Turdus pilaris	Fieldfare Grive litorne Wacholderdrossel Рябинник	ノハラツグミ (野原鶇) no-hara tsugumi 'field thrush'		田鸫 (田鶇) tián dōng 'paddy thrush'
Turdus iliacus	Redwing Grive mauvis Rotdrossel Белобровик	ワキアカツグミ (脇赤鶇) waki-aka tsugumi 'red-sided thrush'		白眉歌鸫 bái-méi gē-dōng 'white-browed song thrush'
Turdus philomelos	Song thrush European song thrush Grive musicienne Singdrossel Певчий дрозд	ウタツグミ (歌鶇) uta-tsugumi 'song thrush'		欧歌鸫 Ōu gē-dōng 'European song thrush'		歌鸫 (歌鶇) gē-dōng 'song thrush'
Turdus viscivorus	Mistle thrush Mistletoe thrush Grive draine Misteldrossel Деряба	ヤドリギツグミ (宿木鶇) yadori-gi tsugumi 'mistletoe thrush'		槲鸫 hú-dōng 'mistletoe thrush'
Latin	Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru	Japanese	Other J	Chinese	Chinese (Taiwan)	Other Ch	Korean