Gruidae
Тогорууныхан
togoruunikhaŋ

General names

This list should be regarded as being 'in beta'. Information is based on dictionaries and other sources. Many Kazakh, Turkish, and Korean glosses are highly tentative. Comments and corrections welcome.

The general Mongolian word for crane is Тогоруу togoruu. Other names are Уурс uurs and Тундруу tundruu. The Common Crane is specifically known as Хархираа kharkhiraa. An Inner Mongolian word for the crane is Арш шувуу arsh shuvuu 'sage bird', 'immortal bird' or 'fairy bird', which is clearly related to Chinese 仙鹤 xiānhè 'fairy crane', from its association with fairy sages (hermits or immortals) in Chinese mythology.

Under the 2007 regularised names, the genus Anthropoides is given a different name from Grus: Тогируу togiruu (where the 'i' is virtually unpronounced and the pronunciation of the first 'o' is modified in the direction of German 'ö' or French 'eu'). It is not clear where Тогируу togiruu comes from. It is not listed in dictionaries. It may represent a colloquial or dialect variant on Тогоруу togoruu.

Species names

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SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN		MONGOLIAN		EAST ASIAN			TURKIC
Anthropoides
Latin	English/Russian	Mongolian	Former & Other M	Chinese (incl. Taiwan)	Japanese	Korean	Kazakh	Turkish
Anthropoides virgo Grus virgo	Demoiselle crane Журавль-красавка	Өвөгт тогируу övögt togiruu 'crested crane'	Өвөгт тогоруу övögt togoruu 'crested crane'	蓑羽鹤 (蓑羽鶴) suō yǔ hè 'raincoat feather crane' Taiwan: (蓑羽鹤) 簑羽鶴 suō yǔ hè 'raincoat feather crane'	アネハヅル (姉羽鶴) ane-ha-zuru 'big-sister feather crane'	쇠재두루미 soe-jae-durumi 'small jae crane'	Ақбас тырна aq-bas tırna 'white-headed crane'	Telli Turna 'wired? crane'
Grus
Latin	English/Russian	Mongolian	Former & Other M	Chinese (incl. Taiwan)	Japanese	Korean	Kazakh	Turkish
Grus leucogeranus	Siberian crane Great white crane Siberian white crane Стерх, Белый журавль	Цагаан тогоруу tsagaaŋ togoruu 'white crane'	Цагаан тогоруу tsagaaŋ togoruu 'white crane'	白鹤 (白鶴) bái-hè 'white crane'	ソデグロヅル (袖黒鶴) sode-guro-zuru 'black-sleeved crane'	시베리아흰두루미 siberia-huin-durumi 'Siberian white crane'	Ақ тырна aq tırna 'white crane'	Ak Turna 'white crane' or Rahibe Turnası 'nun crane'
Grus vipio	White-naped crane Japanese white-naped crane White-necked crane Даурский журавль	Цэн тогоруу tseŋ togoruu 'white-silk crane'		白枕鹤 (白枕鶴) bái-zhěn hè 'white-naped crane' Taiwan: (白枕鹤) 白枕鶴 bái-zhěn hè 'white-naped crane'	マナヅル (真鶴) mana-zuru 'true crane'	재두루미 jae-durumi 'jae crane'	Қызылсирақ тырна qızıl-sïraq tırna 'red-legged crane'
Grus grus	Common crane Серый журавль	Хархираа тогоруу kharkhiraa togoruu 'kharkhiraa crane'	Хархираа тогоруу kharkhiraa togoruu 'kharkhiraa crane'	灰鹤 (灰鶴) huī-hè 'grey crane' Taiwan: (灰鹤) 灰鶴 huī-hè 'grey crane'	クロヅル (黒鶴) kuro-zuru 'black crane'	검은목두루미 geomeun-mok-durumi 'black-necked crane'	Сұр тырна sur tırna 'grey crane'	Turna 'crane'
Grus monacha	Hooded crane Черный журавль	Хар тогоруу khar togoruu 'black crane'	Хар тогоруу khar togoruu 'black crane'	白头鹤 (白頭鶴) bái-tóu hè 'white-headed crane' Taiwan: (白头鹤) 白頭鶴 bái-tóu hè 'white-headed crane'	ナベヅル (鍋鶴) nabe-zuru 'pot crane'	흑두루미 heuk-durumi 'black crane'	Қара тырна qara tırna 'black crane'
Grus japonensis	Red-crowned crane Manchurian crane Japanese crane Японский журавль, Уссурийский журавль Маньчжурский журавль	Алаг тогоруу alag togoruu 'motley crane'		丹顶鹤 (丹頂鶴) dān-dǐng hè 'red-capped crane' Taiwan: (丹顶鹤) 丹頂鶴 dān-dǐng hè 'red-capped crane'	タンチョウ (丹頂) tanchō 'red-cap'	두루미 durumi 'crane'

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