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Gruidae
ツル科
tsuru ka

鹤科
hè kē

鶴科
hè kē

두루미과
durumi-gwa

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General

Information is from dictionaries and other sources. Species list may not be current. Korean glosses are tentative. Comments and corrections welcome. Hover over Green Lettering Green lettering at this site hides a tool tip with glosses, further explanations, etc. Hover cursor to reveal. to see additional information.

The Japanese word for 'crane' is ツル tsuru, written with the Chinese character . Tsuru becomes -zuru when combined with other words.

Older poetic names for the crane are:

CULTURAL

The name 'fairy guest' refers to the Chinese legend that a sen (variously translated as immortal, sage or fairy) rides on a crane's back when he visits the mortal world.

The crane is a symbol of longevity in East Asian culture and is often depicted in traditional paintings and statues.

The crane occurs in the expression 鶴の一声 tsuru no hito-koe 'one voice from the crane'. Unlike the feckless chattering of sparrows or other birds, one call from the crane is supposed to carry great authority. The expression is used in everyday life to refer to a person whose single command or request is sufficient to get things happening quickly and without fuss.

Species names

› ABOUT THIS TABLE‹
GRUINAE
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN
JAPANESE
CHINESE
KOREAN
Leucogeranus
Latin
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru
Japanese
Other J
Chinese
Chinese (Taiwan)
Other Ch
Korean
Leucogeranus leucogeranus
Grus leucogeranus
link to photo
Siberian crane
Great white crane
Siberian white crane

Grue de Sibérie
Schneekranich
Стерх
Grus leucogeranus:
ソデグロヅル
(袖黒鶴)
sode-guro-zuru
'black-sleeved crane'
  Grus leucogeranus:
白鹤
(白鶴)
bái-hè
'white crane'
  黑袖鹤
(黑袖鶴)
hēi-xiù hè
'black-sleeved crane' (FS)
西伯利亚白鹤
(西伯利亞鶴)
xībólìyà bái-hè
'Siberian white crane' (FS)
Grus leucogeranus:
시베리아흰두루미
Siberia-huin-durumi
'Siberian white crane'
Antigone
Latin
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru
Japanese
Other J
Chinese
Chinese (Taiwan)
Other Ch
Korean
Antigone canadensis
Grus canadensis
link to photo
Sandhill crane

Grue du Canada
Kanadakranich
Журавль Канадский
Grus canadensis:
カナダヅル
(カナダ鶴)
kanada-zuru
'Canadian crane'
  Grus canadensis:
沙丘鹤
(沙丘鶴)
shā-qiū hè
'sand hill crane'
  加拿大鹤
(加拿大鶴)
jiānádà hè
'Canadian crane' (FS)
棕鹤
(棕鶴)
zōng hè
'brown crane' (FS)
Grus canadensis:
캐나다두루미
kaenada-durumi
'Canadian crane'
Antigone vipio
Grus vipio
link to photolink to photo
White-naped crane
Japanese white-naped crane
White-necked crane

Grue à cou blanc
Weißnackenkranich
Даурский журавль
Grus vipio:
マナヅル
(真鶴)
mana-zuru
'true crane'
タズ
(田鶴)
tazu
'paddy crane' (poetic)
Grus vipio:
白枕鹤
(白枕鶴)
bái-zhěn hè
'white-naped crane'
Grus vipio:
(白枕鹤)
白枕鶴
bái-zhěn hè
'white-naped crane'
红面鹤
(紅面鶴)
hóng-miàn hè
'red-faced crane' (FS)
Grus vipio:
재두루미
jae-durumi
'jae crane'
Grus
Latin
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru
Japanese
Other J
Chinese
Chinese (Taiwan)
Other Ch
Korean
Grus virgo
Anthropoides virgo
link to photo
Demoiselle crane

Grue demoiselle
Jungfernkranich
Красавка
Anthropoides virgo:
アネハヅル
(姉羽鶴)
ane-ha-zuru
'big-sister feather crane'
  Anthropoides virgo:
蓑羽鹤
(蓑羽鶴)
suō yǔ hè
'raincoat feather crane'
Anthropoides virgo:
(蓑羽鹤)
簑羽鶴
suō yǔ hè
'raincoat feather crane'
闺秀鹤
(閨秀鶴)
guī-xiù hè
'young lady (=demoiselle) crane' (FS)
쇠재두루미
soe-jae-durumi
'small jae crane'
Grus japonensis
link to photolink to photo
Red-crowned crane
Manchurian crane
Japanese crane

Grue du Japon
Mandschurenkranich
Японский журавль
タンチョウ
(丹頂)
tanchō
'red-cap'
タンチョウヅル
(丹頂鶴)
tanchō-zuru
'red-capped crane'
丹顶鹤
(丹頂鶴)
dān-dǐng hè
'red-capped crane'
(丹顶鹤)
丹頂鶴
dān-dǐng hè
'red-capped crane'
仙鹤
(仙鶴)
xiān-hè
'fairy crane' (FS)
두루미
durumi
'crane'
Grus grus
link to photo
Common crane

Grue cendrée
Kranich
Серый журавль
クロヅル
(黒鶴)
kuro-zuru
'black crane'
ネズミヅル
(鼠鶴)
nezumi-zuru
'mouse crane'
灰鹤
(灰鶴)
huī-hè
'grey crane'
(灰鹤)
灰鶴
huī-hè
'grey crane'
玄鹤
(玄鶴)
xuán-hè
'dark crane' (also Grus monacha)
仓庚 or 苍庚
(倉庚 or 蒼庚)
cānggēng
'canggeng' (仓庚 also used for oriole; 苍庚 'darkblue geng' used only for crane)
鸧鸹
(鶬鴰)
cāng-guā
'cang + crow'
番薯鹤
(番薯鶴)
fānshǔ hè
'sweet potato crane'
欧亚鹤
(歐亞鶴)
ōu-yà hè
'Eurasian crane' (FS)
검은목두루미
geomeun-mok-durumi
'black-necked crane'
Grus monacha
link to photolink to photo
Hooded crane

Grue moine
Mönchskranich
Черный журавль
ナベヅル
(鍋鶴)
nabe-zuru
'pot crane'
  白头鹤
(白頭鶴)
bái-tóu hè
'white-headed crane'
(白头鹤)
白頭鶴
bái-tóu hè
'white-headed crane'
青庄鹤
(青莊鶴)
qīng zhuāng hè
'green/blue field (=blue heron) crane'
锅鹤
(鍋鶴)
guō hè
'pot crane' (FS)
玄鹤
(玄鶴)
xuán-hè
'dark crane' (FS)
흑두루미
heuk-durumi
'black crane'