General names
Information is based on dictionaries and other sources. Species list may not be current. Korean glosses are only tentative. Comments and corrections welcome.
In Japanese, crows are known as カラス karasu. Japanese offers a choice of Chinese character to write the word, 烏 or 鴉 (which both mean 'crow' in Chinese).
The Magpie (Pica pica) is known as カササギ kasasagi, written 鵲. The Azure-winged Magpie (Cyanopica cyanus / cyana) is known as the オナガ o-naga 'long tail', written with the characters 尾長 'tail-long'.
The Eurasian Jay is known as the カケス kake-su, meaning 'hanging nest'. It is written with the two characters 懸巣 'hanging nest'. The Japanese have also coined a separate character, 
, to write the word.
Cultural:
In haiku, the Jackaw is known as the かんがらす kan-garasu (寒鴉) or 'cold crow', also ふゆがらす fuyu-garasu (冬鴉) 'winter crow'. It is a season word for winter. As winter grew colder, jackdaws ventured near human habitation in their search for food and and made a pest of themselves.
鵲 kasasagi is a haiku season word for autumn.
Some Japanese expressions relating to corvids:
烏の足跡 karasu no ashi-ato 'crow's footprints' refers to the wrinkles at the corners of the eyes that come with aging.
烏の行水 karasu no gyōzui 'a crow's bath' refers to a very quick bath.
烏が鵜の真似 karasu ga u no mane 'crow imitating a cormorant' refers to what happens when one tries to exceed one's abilities -- total failure.
烏の髪 karasu no kami 'crow's hair' refers to jet-black hair.
Species names
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN |
JAPANESE |
CHINESE |
KOREAN |
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| Garrulus | |||||||
Latin |
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru |
Japanese |
Other J |
Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Korean |
Garrulus glandarius |
Eurasian jay Jay Geai des chênes Eichelhäher Сойка |
カケス (懸巣 ~ )kake-su 'hang-nest' |
カシドリ (橿鳥 ~ 樫鳥) kashi-dori 'oak bird' ヤマガラス (山烏 ~ 山鴉) yama-garasu 'mountain crow' (also used for rook and large-billed crow) |
松鸦 (松鴉) 'pine crow' |
(松鸦) 松鴉 'pine crow' |
橿鸟 (橿鳥) 'oak bird' 㭴鸟 (樫鳥) 'oak bird' 塞皋 (塞皋) 'saigao' 屋鸟 (屋鳥) 'room/house bird' 山和尚 (山和尚) 'mountain monk' (also used for the Hoopoe) |
어치 eochi 'jay' |
| Garrulus lidthi |
Lidth's jay Purple jay Geai de Lidth Prachthäher Пурпурная сойка |
ルリカケス (瑠璃懸巣 ~ 琉璃懸巣) ruri kake-su 'lapis lazuli hang-nest' |
琉球松鸦 (琉球松鴉) 'Ryukyu pine crow' |
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| Cyanopica | |||||||
Latin |
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru |
Japanese |
Other J |
Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Korean |
| Cyanopica cyanus Cyanopica cyana |
Azure-winged magpie Pie bleue Blauelster Голубая сорока |
オナガ (尾長) o-naga 'long-tail' |
灰喜鹊 (灰喜鵲) 'grey magpie' |
蓝膀鹊 (藍膀鵲) 'blue-winged magpie' 蓝膀香鹊 (藍翅香鵲) 'blue-winged fragrant magpie' 山喜鹊 (山喜鵲) 'mountain-magpie' 蓝鹊 (藍鵲) 'blue-magpie' 长尾鹊 (長尾鵲) 'long-tailed magpie' 鸢喜鹊 (鳶喜鵲) 'kite magpie' 长尾巴郎 (長尾巴郎) 'long-tailed balang' |
물까치 mul-kkachi 'water magpie' |
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| Pica | |||||||
Latin |
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru |
Japanese |
Other J |
Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Korean |
| Pica pica |
Common magpie Black-billed magpie Magpie Pie bavarde Elster Сорока |
カササギ (鵲) kasasagi 'magpie' |
カチガラス (勝ち烏) kachi-garasu 'winning crow' チョウセンガラス (朝鮮烏) chōsen garasu 'Korean crow' コウライガラス (高麗烏) kōrai garasu 'Korean crow' |
喜鹊 (喜鵲) 'magpie' |
(喜鹊) 喜鵲 'magpie' |
喜雀 (喜雀) 'auspicious sparrow' (written variation, pronunciation the same) 干鹊 (乾鵲) 'dry magpie' 神女 (神女) 'goddess' 野鹊子 (野鵲子) 'wild magpie' |
까치 kkachi 'magpie' |
| Nucifraga | |||||||
Latin |
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru |
Japanese |
Other J |
Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Korean |
| Nucifraga caryocatactes |
Eurasian nutcracker Spotted nutcracker Nutcracker Cassenoix moucheté Tannenhäher Кедровка |
ホシガラス (星烏 ~ 星鴉) hoshi garasu 'starred crow' |
ダケガラス (岳烏) dake-garasu 'mountain peak crow' タケガラス (岳烏) take-garasu 'mountain peak crow' |
星鸦 (星鴉) 'starred crow' |
(星鸦) 星鴉 'starred crow' |
잣까마귀 jat-kkamagwi 'pine-nut crow' |
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| Corvus | |||||||
Latin |
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru |
Japanese |
Other J |
Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Korean |
| Corvus monedula |
Eurasian
jackdaw Jackdaw Choucas des tours Dohle Галка |
ニシコクマルガラス (西黒丸烏 ~ 西黒丸鴉) nishi koku-maru garasu 'western black circle crow' |
寒鸦 (寒鴉) 'cold crow' |
慈鸟 (慈烏) 'kind crow ' (also used for Corvus dauuricus) 小山老鸹 (小山老鴰) 'small mountain crow' (also used for Corvus dauuricus) 孝鸦 (孝鴉) 'filial crow' |
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| Corvus dauuricus |
Daurian jackdaw Choucas de Daourie Elsterdohle Даурская галка |
コクマルガラス (黒丸烏 ~ 黒丸鴉) koku-maru garasu 'black circle crow' |
カンガラス (寒烏 ~ 寒鴉) kan-garasu 'cold crow' フユガラス (冬烏 ~ 冬鴉) fuyu-garasu 'winter crow' |
达乌里寒鸦 (達烏里寒鴉) 'Daurian cold crow' |
(东方寒鸦) 東方寒鴉 'eastern cold crow' Former official name: (寒鸦) 寒鴉 'cold crow' |
慈乌 (慈烏) 'kind crow' 小山老鸹 (小山老鴰) 'small mountain old gua (laogua = crow)' 孝鸦 (孝鴉) 'filial crow' |
갈까마귀 gal-kkamagwi 'autumn ? crow' |
| Corvus splendens |
House crow Corbeau familier Glanzkrähe Индийская домовая ворона |
イエガラス (家烏 ~ 家鴉) ie-garasu 'house crow' |
家鸦 (家鴉) 'house crow' |
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| Corvus frugilegus |
Rook Corbeau freux Saatkrähe Грач |
ミヤマガラス (深山烏 ~ 深山鴉) mi-yama garasu 'deep mountain crow' |
ヤマガラス (山烏 ~ 山鴉) yama-garasu 'mountain crow' (also used for 'large-billed crow' and 'jay') |
秃鼻乌鸦 (禿鼻烏鴉) 'bald-nosed crow' |
(秃鼻鸦) 禿鼻鴉 'bald-nosed crow' |
떼까마귀 tte-kkamagwi 'flock ? crow' |
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| Corvus corone |
Carrion crow Corneille noire Aaskrähe Черная ворона |
ハシボソガラス (嘴細烏 ~ 嘴細鴉) hashi-boso garasu 'slender-billed crow' |
小嘴乌鸦 (小嘴烏鴉) 'small-billed crow'  Taxonomy |
(小嘴乌鸦) 小嘴烏鴉 'small-billed crow' |
食腐肉乌鸦 (食腐肉烏鴉) 'eat-carrion crow' |
까마귀 kkamagwi 'crow' |
|
Latin |
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru |
Japanese |
Other J |
Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Korean |
| Corvus macrorhynchos |
Large-billed crow or Jungle crow Thick-billed crow Corbeau à gros bec Dickschnabelkrähe Большеклювая ворона |
ハシブトガラス (嘴太烏 ~ 嘴太鴉) hashi-buto garasu 'thick-billed crow' |
ヤマガラス (山烏 ~ 山鴉) yama-garasu 'mountain crow' (also used for 'rook' and 'jay') |
大嘴乌鸦 (大嘴烏鴉) 'large-billed crow' |
(巨嘴鸦) 巨嘴鸦 'giant-billed crow' |
큰부리까마귀 keun-buri-kkamagwi 'large-billed crow' |
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| Corvus corax |
Common raven Raven Grand Corbeau Kolkrabe Ворон |
ワタリガラス (渡り烏 ~ 渡り鴉) watari-garasu 'passage crow' |
渡鸦 (渡鴉) 'passage crow' |
큰까마귀 keun-kkamagwi 'large crow' |
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