General
The following is based on analysis of dictionaries and other sources. Comments and corrections are welcome.
Note on Vietnamese naming: With the exception of ducks and chickens, it is common for Vietnamese bird names to be preceded by the word Chim meaning 'bird', although it is normally omitted in Vietnamese bird lists. All bird names, whether they include chim or not, can be preceded by the classifier con, which is used for living creatures.
As in the West, the oriole is noted for its song in China and countries influenced by its culture. The Vietnamese names for the oriole have largely been borrowed from Chinese. The main term for 'oriole' has been borrowed more than once, resulting in some odd mixtures.
The Vietnamese name for the oriole in ornithological usage is Chim vàng anh, where vàng means 'yellow' and anh means 'oriole'. Vàng anh is ultimately from Chinese 黃鶯 'yellow-oriole', although it is a well assimilated form and more likely to be perceived as Vietnamese than Chinese. The Vietnamese word order Chim anh vàng also exists.
A more orthodox reading of the Chinese characters 黃鶯, and probably a more recent borrowing, is hoàng oanh, which is a second major name for the oriole. 鶯 by itself traditionally refers to the oriole in Chinese, and plain Chim oanh also means 'oriole' in Vietnamese. The mixed form Chim hoàng anh, combining hoàng (from Chinese 黃 'yellow') with the earlier borrowing anh, is also used.
In what appears to be a modern development, oanh is extended to cover the robins and leiothrixes, which, like orioles, are noted for their song. The Chinese word 鶯 in modern times is technically used for the Sylviidae, and under the influence of Chinese usage attempts may also be seen to extend oanh to the warblers.
The Chinese name 黃鸝 'yellow-oriole' has been borrowed into Vietnamese as Chim hoàng ly.
Another name is Thương canh the Vietnamese reading of Chinese 倉庚 -- yet another Chinese name for the oriole. This may also be found in the form Canh.
Chim choắt chòe (with the alternative form Chim chúyt chòe) is a Vietnamese name for the oriole. It may be related to Chim chích chòe, which is the name of the Magpie Robins and Forktails. Choắt by itself usually means 'tiny'.
The above may be summarised as follows:
| Chim vàng anh | 'yellow oriole (bird)' (Chinese word order, adjective plus noun) |
| Chim anh vàng | 'yellow oriole (bird)' (Vietnamese word order, noun plus adjective) |
| Chim hoàng anh | 'yellow oriole bird' (hoàng is from Chinese 黃 'yellow') |
| Chim hoàng oanh | 'yellow oriole bird' (from Chinese 黃鶯 'yellow oriole') |
| Chim oanh | 'oriole bird' (oanh is from Chinese 鶯 'oriole') |
| Chim hoàng ly | (from Chinese 黃鸝 'yellow oriole') |
| Chim choắt chòe | (cf chích chòe Magpie Robin, Forktail. choắt = 'tiny') |
| Chim chúyt chòe | (variant of the above) |
| Thương canh | (from Chinese 倉庚 ) |
| Canh | (from the above) |
The Maroon Oriole has been given the name Tử anh, where tử appears to be from Chinese 紫 meaning 'purple'.
Chữ Nôm
Characters used for the word anh in the now obsolete Chữ Nôm characters include:
| Name | Chữ Nôm Images from the Vietnamese Nôm Preservation Foundation dictionary. (Errors are the sole responsibility of the author of this site) |
| Anh |  ,  (the latter is the Chinese character 'warbler') |
| Oanh | (the Chinese character 'warbler', read Oanh in Sino-Vietnamese texts, also read anh in Chữ Nôm) |
Species names
ABOUT THIS TABLE (Hover cursor to see) | Oriolus | ||||||||
Latin |
English/French |
Vietnamese |
Other V |
Chinese (incl. Taiwan) |
Japanese |
Thai |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
| Oriolus tenuirostris | Slender-billed oriole Loriot à bec effilé |
Chim Vàng anh mỏ nhỏ 'small-billed yellow oriole (bird)' (from Internet cites list) |
细嘴黄鹂 (細嘴黃鸝) 'narrow-billed yellow oriole' |
ミナミコウライウグイス (南高麗鴬) minami kōrai uguisu 'southern Korean warbler' |
นกขมิ้นปากเรียว nók kʰa-mîn pàak-riaw 'slender-billed turmeric-bird' (turmeric-bird=iora/oriole) |
|||
Oriolus chinensis |
Black-naped oriole Loriot de Chine |
Chim Vàng anh
Trung Quốc 'Chinese yellow oriole (bird)' |
Chim Anh vàng 'yellow-oriole (bird)' Chim Hoàng anh 'yellow-oriole (bird)' Chim oanh 'oriole (bird)' Chim Hoàng oanh 'yellow-oriole (bird)' Chim Hoàng ly ('yellow-oriole (bird)', from Chinese 黃鸝 ) Chim Hoàng tước 'yellow sparrow bird' (from Chinese 黃雀 'yellow-sparrow' Chim choắt chòe 'choat choe bird' Chim chúyt chòe variant of 'choat choe bird' Chim Canh 'oriole (bird)' |
黑枕黄鹂 (黑枕黃鸝) 'black-naped yellow oriole' Taiwan: (黄鹂) 黃鸝 'yellow-oriole' |
コウライウグイス (高麗鴬) kōrai uguisu 'Korean warbler' |
นกขมิ้นท้ายทอยดำ nók kʰa-mîn tʰáay-tʰoaay-dam 'black-naped turmeric-bird' (turmeric-bird=iora/oriole) |
Burung Kunyit Besar 'large turmeric-bird' (turmeric-bird=iora/oriole) (26,, 22) Burung Dendang Selayang 'Selayang dendang-bird ' (Selayang = place name near Batu Caves in Selangor) (24) |
Burung Kepudang Kuduk-hitam 'black-naped oriole (bird)' |
| Oriolus xanthornus |
Black-hooded oriole Asian black-headed oriole Black-headed oriole Loriot à capuchon noir |
Chim Vàng anh đầu đen 'black-headed yellow oriole (bird)' |
黑头黄鹂 (黑頭黃鸝) 'black-headed yellow oriole' |
ズグロコウラウグイス (頭黒高麗鴬) zu-guro kōrai uguisu 'black-headed Korean warbler' |
นกขมิ้นหัวดำใหญ่ nók kʰa-mîn hŭa-dam yày 'large black-headed turmeric-bird' (turmeric-bird=iora/oriole) |
Burung Kunyit Topeng Hitam 'black-masked turmeric-bird' (turmeric-bird=iora/oriole) (26) Burung Kunyit Belukar 'thicket turmeric-bird' (turmeric-bird=iora/oriole) (dictionary) Burung Dendang Belukar 'thicket crow (bird)' (24) |
Burung Kepudang Kerudung-hitam 'black-veiled oriole (bird)' |
|
| Oriolus trailli |
Maroon oriole Loriot pourpré |
Chim Tử anh 'purple oriole (bird)' |
朱鹂 (朱鸝) 'vermilion oriole' Taiwan: (朱鹂) 朱鸝 'vermilion oriole' |
ヒゴロモ (緋衣) hi-goromo 'scarlet robe' |
นกขมิ้นแดง nók kʰa-mîn daeeŋ 'red turmeric-bird' (turmeric-bird=iora/oriole) |
