Anatidae / Нугасныхан (Nugasnykhan)

General names

This list should be regarded as being 'in beta'. Information is based on dictionaries and other sources. Pronunciation still needs fine-tuning. Comments and corrections welcome.

The general Mongolian word for 'duck' is Нугас nugas; the word for 'goose' is Галуу galuu; the word for 'swan' is Хун hun.

Under the old naming system, there are a number of other, more specific terms.

• The Mandarin Duck is known as Уран хажин uran khajin. Somewhat confusing is the name Ангир angir, which appears to be applied both to the Mandarin Duck and the Ruddy Shelduck. The alternative names Лам нугас lam nugas 'lama duck' and Лам шувуу lam shuvuu 'lama bird' are similarly unclear.
• The Shelduck is known as Анхидал ankh'dal. (Dictionaries in Inner Mongolia give the term Халтар нугас khaltar nugas meaning 'dirty duck').
• The pochards are known as Шумбуур shumbuur, from the verb шумбах shumbakh meaning 'to dive'. (In Inner Mongolian dictionaries, they are called Шунгал нугас shungal nugas 'diving ducks').
• The Goldeneye is named Шунгаач shungaach 'diver', derived from the closely related verb шунгах shungakh 'to dive'.
• Бохио нугас bokhio nugas 'dirty duck' is used for the sea ducks.
• Биваан нугас bivaan nugas is another name for a kind of duck, but the referent is not totally clear.
• In Inner Mongolian dictionaries, the whistling ducks (not included in the previous official list for Mongolia) are called Модон нугас modon nugas 'tree duck'.

The name of the Mandarin duck, Уран хажин uran khajin, has been borrowed locally into Chinese as 乌仁哈钦 wūrénhāqīn.

Regularised names:

The names of the Anatidae have been reworked considerably to satisfy the strict terminological requirement that each genus should have a unique name.

With Нугас nugas now confined to the genus Anas, new names have had to be found for several genera.

• Histrionicus is named Чөрх chörkh, which normally means 'cow's nose ring'.
• Melanitta is named Монхдой monkhdoi.
• Mergus is named Бохио bokhio, meaning 'dirty', from Бохио нугас bokhio nugas 'dirty duck'. Since Mergellus is not treated as a separate genus from Mergus in the Mongolian list, it is also named Бохио bokhio.
• Netta is renamed Биваан bivaan (from Биваан нугас bivaan nugas, meaning unclear) to set it apart from the Шумбуур shumbuur (the Aythya pochards).
• The genus Tadorna lays sole claim to the name Ангир angir. Aix is given the name Уранхажин urankhajin.

Finally, there are two genera not in the old list:

• Dendrocygna is given the name Анхир ankhir, which is nothing more than a variation on Ангир angir (= shelducks).
• Clangula is given the name Шунгаахай shungaakhai, another name derived from the verb шунгах shungakh 'to dive'.

Species names

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DENDROCYGNINAE SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN MONGOLIAN EAST ASIAN C. ASIAN Latin English/Russian Mongolian Former & Other M Chinese Japanese Korean Kazakh Dendrocygna               Dendrocygna javanica Lesser whistling duck Lesser whistling-duck Indian whistling duck Lesser treeduck Whistling teal Древеснаяа свистщяая утка, Утка свистящая малая, Индийская свистящая утка Модны анхир modnу ankhir 'tree ankhir'   栗树鸭 lì shù-yā 'chestnut tree-duck' リュウキュウガモ (琉球鴨) Ryūkyū-gamo 'Ryukyu duck'

ANSERINAE SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN MONGOLIAN EAST ASIAN C. ASIAN Latin English/Russian Mongolian Former & Other M Chinese Japanese Korean Kazakh Anser               Anser cygnoides Swan goose Chinese goose Сухонос, Гусь-сухонос Хошуу галуу khoshuu galuu 'snouted goose' Хошуу галуу khoshuu galuu 'snouted goose' Other: Халиу галуу khaliu galuu 'otter goose' 鸿雁 hóng-yàn 'swangoose goose' サカツラガン (酒面雁) saka-tsura gan 'wine-faced goose' (refers to reddish-coloured face) 개리 gaeri 'gaeri' Қытый қазы Anser fabalis Bean goose Eastern bean goose Гуменник Буурал галуу buural galuu 'roan goose' Буурал галуу buural galuu 'roan goose' 豆雁 dòu-yàn 'bean goose' ヒシクイ (菱喰) hishi-kui 'water-caltrop eater' 큰기러기 keun-gireogi 'large goose' Қырманқаз Anser anser Greylag goose Серый гусь Бор галуу bor galuu 'brown/grey goose' Бор галуу bor galuu 'brown/grey goose' 灰雁 huī yàn 'grey goose' ハイイロガン (灰色雁) hai-iro gan 'grey-coloured goose' 회색기러기 hoe-saek-gireogi 'grey-coloured goose' Сұр қаз Anser albifrons Greater white-fronted goose White-fronted goose Белолобый гусь Манхин галуу mankhin galuu 'mankhin goose'   白额雁 bái-é yàn 'white-fronted goose' マガン (真雁) ma-gan 'true goose' 쇠기러기 soe-gireogi 'small goose' Ақмаңдайлы қаз Anser erythropus Lesser white-fronted goose Пискулька Одой галуу odoi galuu 'dwarf goose'   小白额雁 xiǎo bái-é yàn 'small white-fronted goose' カリガネ (雁, 雁金, 雁が音) kari-gane 'goose cry' (written 'goose', 'goose metal', or 'goose sound') 흰이마기러기 huin-ima-gireogi 'white-forehead goose' Шиқылдақ қаз Anser indicus Eulabeia indica Bar-headed goose Горный гусь Хээрийн галуу kheerin galuu 'steppe goose' Хээрийн галуу kheerin galuu 'steppe goose' Other: Энхэт галуу enkhet galuu 'peace goose' 斑头雁 bān-tóu yàn 'stripe-headed goose' インドガン (インド雁) Indo gan 'Indian goose' 줄기러기 jul-gireogi 'lined goose' Ақбас қаз Cygnus               Cygnus olor Mute swan Лебедь-шипун Хуруут хун khuruut khun 'fingered ? swan'   疣鼻天鹅 yóu-bí tiān-é 'mole-nosed sky-goose' (2, 3, 4, 5) 瘤鼻天鹅 liú-bí tiān-é 'lump-nosed sky-goose' (1) or 赤嘴天鹅 chì-zuǐ tiān-é 'red-billed sky-goose' (Alternative in 1) コブハクチョウ (瘤白鳥) kobu haku-chō 'lump white-bird' 혹고니 hok-goni 'lump swan' Сыбырлақ аққу Cygnus colombianus Tundra swan Whistling swan Bewick's swan Малый лебедь, Тундровый лебедь Гунгар хун gungar khun 'gungar swan' Note   小天鹅 xiǎo tiān-é 'small sky-goose' (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) or 短嘴天鹅 duǎn-zuǐ tiān-é 'short-billed sky-goose' (Alternative in 1) Note コハクチョウ (小白鳥) ko haku-chō 'small white-bird' 고니 goni 'swan' Кіші аққу Cygnus cygnus Whooper swan Лебедь-кликун Гангар хун gangar khun 'fine-porcelain swan' Гaнгар хун gangar khun 'fine-porcelain swan' 大天鹅 dà tiān-é 'large sky-goose' or 黄嘴天鹅 huáng-zuǐ tiān-é 'yellow-billed sky-goose' (Alternative in 1) オオハクチョウ (大白鳥) ō haku-chō 'large white-bird' 큰고니 keun-goni 'large swan' Сұңқылдақ аққу

TADORNINAE SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN MONGOLIAN EAST ASIAN C. ASIAN Latin English/Russian Mongolian Former & Other M Chinese Japanese Korean Kazakh Tadorna               Tadorna tadorna Common shelduck Shelduck Пеганка, Атайка Анхидал ангир ankh'dal angir 'shelduck angir' Анхидал ankh'dal 'shelduck' 翘鼻麻鸭 qiáo-bí má-yā 'warped nose hemp duck' ツクシガモ (筑紫鴨) tsukushi-gamo 'Kyushu duck' 혹부리오리 hok-buri-ori 'lump-billed duck' Италақаз Tadorna ferruginea Ruddy shelduck Огарь, Красная утка Хондон ангир hondon angir 'reddish angir' Ангир angir 'angir' 赤麻鸭 chì má-yā 'red hemp duck' アカツクシガモ (赤筑紫鴨) aka tsukushi-gamo 'red Kyushu duck' 황오리 hwang-ori 'yellow duck' Сарыалақаз

ANATINAE SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN MONGOLIAN EAST ASIAN C. ASIAN Latin English/Russian Mongolian Former & Other M Chinese Japanese Korean Kazakh Aix               Aix galericulata Mandarin duck Mandarin Мандаринка Мандир уранхажин mandir urankhajin 'mandir mandarin-duck' Халзан ангир khalzan angir 'bald angir' Other: Уран хажин uran khajin 'artistic khajin' 鸳鸯 yuān-yang 'yuan-yang' オシドリ (鴛鴦) oshi-dori 'oshi bird' (written with the characters used to write the Chinese name) 원앙 won-ang 'won-ang' (=yuan-yang   Anas               Anas strepera Gadwall Серая утка Бор нугас bor nugas 'grey/brown duck' Бор нугас bor nugas 'grey/brown duck' Бордуу нугас borduu nugas 'brownish duck' 赤膀鸭 chì-bǎng yā 'red-winged duck' オカヨシガモ (丘葦鴨) oka yoshi-gamo 'hill reed duck' 알락오리 allag-ori 'speckled duck' Қоңыр үйрек Anas falcata Falcated teal or Falcated duck Касатка Гэзэгт нугас gezegt nugas 'pigtailed duck' Гэзэгт нугас gezegt nugas 'pigtailed duck' 罗纹鸭 luó-wén yā 'whorl-patterned duck' ヨシガモ (葦鴨) yoshi-gamo 'reed duck' 청머리오리 cheong-meori-ori 'green-headed duck' Қаратұмсықты үйрек Anas penelope Eurasian wigeon European wigeon Wigeon Свиязь Зээрд нугас zeerd nugas 'chestnut-brown duck' Зээрд алаг нугас zeerd alag nugas chestnut-brown motley duck' 赤颈鸭 chì-jǐng yā 'red-necked duck' ヒドリガモ (緋鳥鴨) hi-dori-gamo 'red-bird duck' 홍머리오리 hong-meori-ori 'red-headed duck' Сарыайдар үйрек Anas platyrhynchos Mallard Кряква, Обыкновенная кряква Зэрлэг нугас zerleg nugas 'wild duck' Зэрлэг нугас zerleg nugas 'wild duck' 绿头鸭 lǜ-tóu yā 'green-headed duck' マガモ (真鴨) ma-gamo 'true duck' 청둥오리 cheongdung-ori 'green duck' Барылдауық үйрек Anas poecilorhyncha Anas poecilorhynchus Spot-billed duck Spotbill duck Yellow-nib duck Chinese spotbill Черная крявка, Индийская пестроносая кряква Зэрлэгшир нугас zerlegshir nugas 'zerlegshir duck' Зэрлэгшир нугас zerlegshir nugas 'zerlegshir duck' 斑嘴鸭 bān-zuǐ yā 'spot-billed duck' カルガモ (軽鴨) karu-gamo 'light duck' 흰뺨검둥오리 huin-ppyam-geomdung-ori 'white-cheeked black duck' (= Black Scoter) Note   Latin English/Russian Mongolian Former & Other M Chinese Japanese Korean Kazakh Anas clypeata Northern shoveller Shoveller Common shoveller Red shoveller Широконоска Халбага нугас khalbag nugas 'spoon duck' Халбага нугас khalbag nugas 'spoon duck' 琵嘴鸭 pí-zuǐ yā 'spatula-billed duck' ハシビロガモ (嘴広鴨) hashi-biro-gamo 'broad-billed duck' 넓적부리 neorpjeok-buri 'flat bill' Жалпақтұмсықты үйрек Anas acuta Northern pintail Pintail Шилохвость Шовтгоралаг нугас shovtgor-alag nugas 'conical (?) motley duck' Шовтгор алаг нугас shovtgor alag nugas 'conical (?) motley duck' 针尾鸭 zhēn-wěi yā 'needle-tailed duck' オナガガモ (尾長鴨) o-naga-gamo 'long-tailed duck' 고방오리 gobang-ori 'gobang duck' Бізқұйрық үйрек Anas querquedula Garganey Чирок-трескунок Цагаанхөмсөгт нугас tsagaan-khömsögt nugas 'white-browed duck' Цагаан хөмсөгт нугас tsagaan khömsögt nugas 'white-browed duck' 白眉鸭 bái-méi yā 'white-browed duck' シマアジ (縞味, 島味) shima-aji 'striped aji' (written 'striped flavour' or 'island flavour'. 味 'flavour' is used solely for pronunciation. Also written with the specially created character 䳑 aji) 발구지 balguji 'balguji' Даурықлы шүгерей Anas formosa Baikal teal Клоктун, Чирок-клоктун Байгалийн нугас Baigalin nugas 'Baikal duck' Байгалийн нугас Baigalin nugas 'Baikal duck' 花脸鸭 huā-liǎn yā 'flowery-faced duck' トモエガモ (巴鴨) tomoe-gamo 'comma-pattern duck' 가창오리 gachang-ori 'gachang duck' (Wiktionary suggests 'prostitute duck') Қырылдақ шүгерей Anas crecca Common teal or Green-winged teal Teal Чирок-свистунок Ногоохон нугас nogoohon nugas 'light-green duck' Ногоохон нугас nogoohon nugas 'light-green duck' 绿翅鸭 lǜ-chì yā 'green-winged duck' コガモ (小鴨) ko-gamo 'small duck' 쇠오리 soe-ori 'small duck' Note Ысылдақ шүгерей Netta               Netta rufina Rhodonessa rufina Red-crested pochard Красноносый нырок Улаанхушуу биваан ulaan-khushuu bivaan red-bill bivaan Улаан хушуут шумбуур ulaan khushuut shumbuur 'red-billed pochard' 赤嘴潜鸭 chì-zuǐ qián-yā 'red-billed diving duck' アカハシハジロ (赤嘴羽白) aka-hashi ha-jiro 'red-billed white-wing' 붉은부리흰죽지 bulgeun-buri-huin-jukji 'red-billed white-wingjoint' Қызылтұмсық сүңгуір Latin English/Russian Mongolian Former & Other M Chinese Japanese Korean Kazakh Aythya               Aythya ferina Common pochard Красноголовый нырок, Красноголовая чернеть Улаанхүзүү шумбуур ulaan-khüzüü shumbuur 'red-throat pochard' Улаан хүзүүт шумбуур ulaan khüzüüt shumbuur 'red-throated pochard' 红头潜鸭 hóng-tóu qián-yā 'red-headed diving duck' ホシハジロ (星羽白) hoshi ha-jiro 'starred white-wing' 흰죽지 huin-jukji 'white wingjoint' Көк сүңгуір Aythya baeri Baer's pochard Беров нырок, Чернеть Бера Ухаа шумбуур ukhaa shumbuur 'reddish pochard'   青头潜鸭 qīng-tóu qián-yā 'black-headed diving duck' アカハジロ (赤羽白) aka ha-jiro 'red white-wing' 붉은가슴흰죽지 bulgeun-gaseum-huin-jukji red-breasted white wingjoint'   Aythya nyroca Ferruginous duck Ferruginous pochard White-eyed pochard Белоглазый нырок, Белоглазая чернеть Ундар шумбуур undar shumbuur 'undar pochard' Ундар нүдэн шумбуур undar nüden shumbuur 'undar (golden?) eye pochard' 白眼潜鸭 bái-yǎn qián-yā 'white-eyed diving duck' メジロガモ (目白鴨, 眼白鴨) me-jiro-gamo 'white-eyed duck' 적갈색흰죽지 jeokgal-saek-huin-jukji 'reddish-brown-coloured white-wingjoint' or 검은흰죽지 geomeun-huin-jukji 'black white-wingjoint' Алакөз сүңгуір Aythya fuligula Tufted duck Хохлатая чернеть Гэзэгт шумбуур gezegt shumbuur 'pigtailed pochard' Гэзэгт шумбуур gezegt shumbuur 'pigtailed pochard' 凤头潜鸭 fèng-tóu qián-yā 'phoenix-headed diving duck' キンクロハジロ (金黒羽白) kin-kuro ha-jiro 'gold-black white-wing' 댕기흰죽지 daenggi-huin-jukji 'ribbon white-wingjoint' Айдарлы сүңгуір Aythya marila Greater scaup Scaup duck Scaup Морская чернеть Тэнгисийн шумбуур tengisin shumbuur 'sea pochard' Тэнгисийн шумбуур tengisin shumbuur 'sea pochard' 斑背潜鸭 bān-bèi qián-yā 'spotted-back diving duck' スズガモ (鈴鴨) suzu-gamo 'bell duck' 검은머리흰죽지 geomeun-meori-huin-jukji 'black-headed white-wingjoint' Теңіз сүңгуір Histrionicus               Histrionicus histrionicus Harlequin duck Каменушка Хотгуужин чөрх khotguujin chörkh 'khotguujin chörkh' (чөрх chörkh literally means 'cow's nose ring') Хотгуужин нугас khotguujin nugas 'khotguujin duck' 丑鸭 chǒu yā 'clown duck' シノリガモ (晨鴨) shinori-gamo 'shinori duck' written 'morning duck' 흰줄박이오리 huin-julbagi-ori 'white-striped-duck' Шақшақайша Melanitta               Melanitta fusca White-winged scoter or Velvet scoter Турпан, Горбоносый турпан, Обыкновенный турпан Тольт монхдой tol't monkhdoi 'pretty monkhdoi' Дөрт нугас dört nugas 'dört duck' (Дөр dör is literally a nosepeg for cattle) 斑脸海番鸭 bān liǎn hǎi-fān-yā 'spot faced sea fan duck' ビロードキンクロ (天鵞絨金黒) birōdo kin-kuro 'velvet gold-black' 검둥오리사촌 geomdung-ori-sachon 'black duck (=Black Scoter) cousin' Note Кәдімгі тұрпан Clangula               Clangula hyemalis Long-tailed duck or Oldsquaw Морянка Мөнгөлөг шунгаахай möngölög shungaakhai 'silvery diver'   长尾鸭 cháng-wěi yā 'long-tailed duck' コオリガモ (氷鴨) kōri-gamo 'ice duck' 바다꿩 bada-kkwong 'sea pheasant' Ұшқыр үйрек Latin English/Russian Mongolian Former & Other M Chinese Japanese Korean Kazakh Bucephala               Bucephala clangula Common goldeneye Goldeneye Обыкновенный гоголь Алаг шунгаач alag shungaach 'motley diver' Алаг шунгаач alag shungaach 'motley diver' 鹊鸭 què-yā 'magpie duck' ホオジロガモ (頬白鴨) hō-jiro-gamo 'white-cheeked duck' 흰뺨오리 huin-ppyam-ori 'white-cheeked duck' Сусылдақ Mergellus               Mergellus albellus Mergus albellus Smew Луток, Малый крохаль Цахиур бохио tsakhiur bokhio 'flint merganser' Цахиур нугас tsakhiur nugas 'flint duck' 斑头秋沙鸭 bān-tóu qiūshā-yā 'stripe-headed autumn-sand duck' (2, 4) 白秋沙鸭 bái qiūshā-yā 'white autumn-sand duck' (1, 3, 5) ミコアイサ (巫女秋沙) miko-aisa 'shrine virgin aisa' written 'shrine virgin autumn-sand' 흰비오리 huin-biori 'white merganser' Кіші бейнарық Mergus               Mergus merganser Common merganser or Goosander Большой крохаль Хумхин Бохио khumkhin bokhio 'khumkhin merganser' Хумхин нугас khumkhin nugas 'khumkhin duck' 普通秋沙鸭 pǔtōng qiūshā-yā 'common autumn sand-duck' カワアイサ (川秋沙) kawa-aisa 'river aisa' written 'river autumn-sand' 비오리 biori 'merganser' Үлкен бейнарық Mergus serrator Red-breasted merganser Длинноносый крохаль, Средний крохаль Сэвгэр бохио sevger bokhio 'child's hair merganser' (possibly 'girl merganser') Сэвгэр нугас sevger nugas 'child's hair duck' (possibly 'girl duck') 红胸秋沙鸭 hóng-xiōng qiūshā-yā 'red-breasted autumn-sand duck' ウミアイサ (海秋沙) umi-aisa 'sea aisa' written 'sea autumn-sand' 바다비오리 bada-biori 'sea merganser' Секпілтөс бейнарық Oxyura               Oxyura leucocephala White-headed duck White-headed stiff-tailed duck Савка Цагаантолгой ямаансүүлт tsagaan-tolgoi yamaan-süült 'white-headed goat-tailed' Ямаан сүүлт yamaan süült 'goat tailed' 白头硬尾鸭 bái-tóu yìng wěi yā 'white-headed stiff-tailed duck' カオジロオタテガモ (顔白尾竪鴨) kao-jiro o-tate gamo 'white-faced vertical-tailed duck''   Ақбас үйрек

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