General names
Information is based on dictionaries and other sources. Species list may not be current. Korean glosses are only tentative. Comments and corrections welcome.
Of this family, only the Bearded Tit or Bearded Parrotbill and Vinous-throated Parrotbill are native species in Japan.
The former is known as the ヒゲガラ hige-gara 'bearded tit', written 髭雀, where カラ kara (here with the consonant voiced as ガラ -gara) means 'tit'.
The Vinous-throated Parrotbill is known as ダルマエナガ daruma e-naga, written 達磨柄長 and meaning 'daruma long-handle'. エナガ e-naga ('long handle') is the name of the Aegithilidae (Long-tailed Tits). The word ダルマ daruma, written 達磨, refers to a squat, red doll in the shape of a monk, often made of papier maché, which is weighted in the base and jumps back up when knocked over. Presumably the name was given due to the round dumpy look of the bird. The term 達磨 daruma itself is from Boddhidharma, the name of a 5th century Indian monk in China who is said to have founded Zen. The word 達磨 daruma is related to 'dharma', a Buddhist term meaning 'law'.
Some members of the Timaliidae, such as Garrulax perspicallatus (the Spectacled or Masked Laughing-thrush), have become naturalised in Japan.
Species names
ABOUT THIS TABLE (Hover cursor to see) SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN |
JAPANESE |
CHINESE |
KOREAN |
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| Garrulax | |||||||
Latin |
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru |
Japanese |
Other J |
Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Korean |
Garrulax perspicillatus  |
Masked laughing-thrush Masked laughingthrush Spectacled laughing thrush Black-faced laughing-thrush Garrulaxe masqué Maskenhäherling |
カオグロガビチョウ (顔黒画眉鳥) kao-guro gabi-chō 'black-faced painted-eyebrow-bird (=hwamei)' (introduced) |
黑脸噪鹛 (黑臉噪鶥) 'black-faced noisy-babbler' |
土画眉 (土畫眉) 'earth/vulgar hwamei' (also Eremophila alpestris Horned Lark) 嘈杂鸫 (嘈雜鶇) 'noisy thrush' 笑鸫 (笑鶇) 'laughing-thrush' 眼镜笑鸫 (眼鏡笑鶇) 'spectacled laughing-thrush' 黑脸笑鸫 (黑臉笑鶇) 'black-faced laughing-thrush' 黑面笑画眉 (黑面笑畫眉) 'black-faced laughing hwamei' 吉吊 (吉吊) 'jidiao' 七姊妹 (七姊妹) 'seven sisters' 噪林鸟 (噪林鳥) 'noisy forest bird' |
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| Leiothrix | |||||||
Latin |
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru |
Japanese |
Other J |
Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Korean |
| Leiothrix lutea |
Red-billed leiothrix Pekin robin Red-billed robin Léiothrix jaune Sonnenvogel Китайский соловей |
ソウシチョウ (相思鳥) sōshi-chō 'mutual-thought bird (yearn with love bird)' (introduced) |
红嘴相思鸟 (紅嘴相思鳥) 'red-billed mutual-thought (yearn with love) bird' |
相思鸟 (相思鳥) 'mutual-thought (yearn with love) bird' 五彩相思鸟 (五彩相思鳥) 'five-coloured mutual-thought bird' 红嘴鸟 (紅嘴鳥) 'red-billed bird' 红嘴玉 (紅嘴玉) 'red-billed jade' 红嘴绿观音 (紅嘴綠觀音) 'red-billed green Guan'yin' |
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| Panurus | |||||||
Latin |
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru |
Japanese |
Other J |
Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Korean |
| Panurus biarmicus |
Bearded tit Bearded parrotbill Bearded reedling Panure à moustaches Bartmeise Усатая синица |
ヒゲガラ (髭雀) hige-gara 'bearded tit' |
文须雀 (文鬚雀) 'bearded sparrow' |
文须山雀 (文鬚山雀) 'bearded mountain-sparrow (='tit')' |
수염오목눈이 suyeom-omongnuni 'bearded omongnuni (long-tailed tit)' |
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| Paradoxornis | |||||||
Latin |
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru |
Japanese |
Other J |
Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Korean |
| Paradoxornis webbianus |
Vinous-throated parrotbill Rufous-headed crowtit Vinous-breasted parrotbill Vinous-throated crowtit Paradoxornis de Webb Braunkopf-Papageischnabel Сутора бурая |
ダルマエナガ (達磨柄長) daruma e-naga 'daruma long-handle' |
棕头鸦雀 (棕頭鴉雀) 'reddishbrown-headed crow-sparrow (=crow-tit)' (2, 3, 4, 5) 棕翅缘鸦雀 (棕翅緣鴉雀) 'reddishbrown-wing-edged crow-sparrow (=crow-tit)' (1) |
(粉红鹦嘴) 粉紅鸚嘴 'pink parrot-bill' |
乌形山雀 (烏形山雀) 'crow-shaped mountain finch (=tit)' 驴粪球儿 (驢糞球兒) 'mule shit ball' 黄头 (黃頭) 'yellow head' 红头仔 (紅頭仔) 'red-head' |
붉은머리오목눈이 bulgeun-meori-omongnuni 'red-headed omongnuni (long-tailed tit)' |
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