Accipitridae
Họ Ưng

General names

The following is based on analysis of dictionaries and other sources. Thai names are currently being revised. Comments and corrections are welcome.

Note on Vietnamese naming: With the exception of ducks and chickens, it is normal for Vietnamese bird names to include the word Chim meaning 'bird', even where not indicated in the tables. All bird and animal names can be preceded by the classifier con, which is used for living creatures.

Vietnamese has a native word for the 'eagle' in everyday use, which is Chim ó. The sparrowhawks are known as Chim bồ cắt (where cắt itself is used for the falcons). Vultures are known as Chim kền kền or Chim kẽn kẽn, or Chim bằng.

Vietnamese has also borrowed names for the Accipitridae from Chinese.

• Chim ưng, from Chinese 鷹 yīng, refers to the hawks.
• Chim đại bàng, from Chinese 大鵬 dà-péng, a huge mythical bird often translated as 'roc', is used for larger eagles.
• Chim diều may be related to Chinese 鷂 yào (originally meaning 'sparrowhawk'). It is used for the kites (Chim diều hâu) and other birds.

Ornithologists assign these names to accipitrid genera as follows:

The distribution of terms is interesting. Chim ưng is used for the true hawks; Chim đại bàng for the large eagles. Chim diều is used across a broad range of medium-sized species and is the most common term in the list. By contrast, Chim ó is found only in the names of the Osprey and the Red-headed Vulture.

The vultures are split among three names: Chim ó, Chim đại bàng, and Chim kền kền. The first two normally refer to 'eagles', one of many cases where the line between eagles and vultures is a fuzzy one.

The Vietnamese expression ưng khuyển or khuyển ưng, meaning 'vultures and dogs', refers to lackeys and servants.

Chữ Nôm

Characters used for accipitrids in the now obsolete Chữ Nôm characters include:

Name	Chữ Nôm Images from the Vietnamese Nôm Preservation Foundation dictionary. (Errors are the sole responsibility of the author of this site)
Ó
Diều	(Chinese character for 'kite'); (Chinese character for 'sparrow hawk')
Ưng	(Chinese character for 'hawk')

Species names

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PANDIONINAE SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN VIETNAMESE EAST ASIAN S. E. ASIAN Latin English/French Vietnamese Other V Chinese Japanese Thai Malay Indonesian Pandion                 Pandion haliaetus Osprey Balbuzard pêcheur Ó cá 'fish eagle' Chim ưng biển 'sea hawk' (from general dictionary) Ó biển 'sea eagle' 鹗 è 'osprey' or 鱼鹰 yú-yīng 'fish hawk' (Alternative in 1, 5) Taiwan: 魚鷹 yú-yīng 'fish hawk' ミサゴ (鶚) misago 'osprey' เหยี่ยวออสเปร yìaw òaat-pree 'osprey hawk' (òaat-pree from English 'osprey') Burung Helang Tiram 'oyster hawk/eagle bird' (17, 20) Burung Lang Tiram 'oyster hawk/eagle bird' (18, 19) Elang Tiram 'oyster hawk/eagle'

ACCIPITRINAE SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN VIETNAMESE EAST ASIAN S. E. ASIAN Latin English/French Vietnamese Other V Chinese Japanese Thai Malay Indonesian Aviceda                 Aviceda jerdoni Jerdon's baza Blyth's baza Brown-crested lizard hawk Baza de Jerdon Diều hoa 'flowery dieu'   褐冠鹃隼 hè guàn juān-sǔn 'brown-crested cuckoo falcon' チャイロカッコウハヤブサ (茶色郭公隼) cha-iro kakkō-hayabusa 'brown cuckoo falcon' เหยี่ยวกิ้งก่าสีน้ำตาล yìaw kîŋ-kàa sĭi-nám-taan 'brown treelizard hawk' Burung Helang Jerdon 'Jerdon hawk/eagle bird' (17) Burung Lang Baza 'baza hawk/eagle bird' (18, 19) Baza Jerdon 'Jerdon baza' Aviceda leuphotes Black baza Black-crested baza Black-crested lizard hawk Baza huppard Diều mào 'crested dieu'   黑冠鹃隼 hēi-guàn juān-sǔn 'black-crested cuckoo falcon' Taiwan: 黑冠鵑隼 hēi-guàn juān-zhǔn 'black-crested cuckoo falcon' クロカッコウハヤブサ (黒郭公隼) kuro kakkō-hayabusa 'black cuckoo falcon' เหยี่ยวกิ้งก่าสีดำ yìaw kîŋ-kàa sĭi-dam 'black treelizard hawk' Burung Helang Baza baza hawk/eagle bird' (17) Burung Lang Baza Berjambul 'tufted baza hawk/eagle bird' (18) Baza Hitam 'black baza' Pernis                 Pernis ptilorhynchus Oriental honey buzzard Oriental honey-buzzard Crested honey buzzard Eurasian Honey Buzzard Bondrée orientale Diều ăn ong 'bee-eating dieu'   凤头蜂鹰 fèng-tóu fēng-yīng 'phoenix-headed bee hawk' Taiwan: 東方蜂鷹 dōngfāng fēng-yīng 'eastern bee hawk' Former Taiwan: 鵰頭鷹 diāo-tóu-yīng 'eagle-headed hawk' ハチクマ (蜂角鷹 or 蜂熊) hachi-kuma 'bee bear' (written 'bee horned hawk' or 'bee bear' in characters) เหยี่ยวผึ้ง yìaw pʰêuŋ 'bee hawk' Burung Helang Lebah 'bee hawk/eagle bird' (17, 20) Burung Lang Lebah 'bee hawk/eagle bird' (18, 19) Sikepmadu Asia 'Asian sikep honey' Elanus                 Elanus caeruleus Black-winged kite Black-shouldered kite Elanion blanc Diều trắng 'white dieu'   黑翅鸢 hēi-chì yuān 'black-winged kite' Taiwan: 黑翅鳶 hēi-chì yuān 'black-winged kite' カタグロトビ (肩黒鳶) kata-guro tobi 'black-shouldered kite' เหยี่ยวขาว yìaw kʰăaw 'white hawk' Burung Helang Tikus 'rat/mouse hawk/eagle bird' (17, 20) Burung Lang Bahu Hitam 'black-shouldered hawk/eagle bird' (18) Elang Tikus 'rat/mouse hawk/eagle' Milvus                 Milvus migrans Black kite Milan noir Diều hâu 'dieu hau' Diều 'dieu' 黑鸢 hēi yuān 'black kite' or 鸢 yuān 'kite' (Alternative in 1, 5) Taiwan: 黑鳶 hēi yuān 'black kite' Former Taiwan: 老鷹 lǎo-yīng 'old hawk' Note トビ (鳶) tobi 'kite' เหยี่ยวดำ yìaw dam 'black hawk' Burung Helang Ekor Cabang 'branch-tailed hawk/eagle bird' (17) Burung Lang Gelap 'dark hawk/eagle bird' (18) Burung Lang Hitam 'black hawk/eagle bird' (19) Elang Paria 'untouchable hawk/eagle' Haliastur                 Haliastur indus Haliaeetus indus Brahminy kite Milan sacré Diều lửa 'flame dieu'   栗鸢 lì yuān 'chestnut kite' Taiwan: 栗鳶 lì yuān 'chestnut kite' シロガシラトビ (白頭鳶) shiro-gashira tobi 'white-headed kite' เหยี่ยวแดง yìaw daeeŋ 'red hawk' Burung Helang Merah 'red hawk/eagle bird' (17) Burung Lang Merah 'red hawk/eagle bird' (18, 19) Elang Bondol 'munia hawk/eagle' Haliaeetus                 Haliaeetus leucogaster White-bellied Sea Eagle White-bellied Sea-Eagle White-bellied Fish Eagle Pygargue blagre Đại bàng biển bụng trắng 'white-bellied sea eagle' Ó biển 'sea eagle' 白腹海鵰 bái-fù hǎi-diāo 'white-bellied sea eagle' Taiwan: 白腹海鵰 bái-fù hǎi-diāo 'white-bellied sea eagle' シロハラウミワシ (白腹海鷲) shiro-hara umi-washi 'white-bellied sea eagle' นกออก nók-òaak 'òaak bird' (onomat.) Burung Helang Siput 'snail hawk/eagle bird' (17) Burung Lang Siput 'snail hawk/eagle bird' (18, 19) Elanglaut Perut-putih 'white-bellied sea hawk/eagle' Haliaeetus leucoryphus Pallas's fish eagle Pallas's fish-eagle Pallas's sea eagle Pallas's fishing eagle Pygargue de Pallas Đại bàng biển đuôi trắng 'white-tailed sea eagle'   玉带海鵰 yù-dài hǎi-diāo 'jade band sea eagle' キガシラウミワシ (黄頭海鷲) ki-gashira umi-washi 'yellow-headed sea eagle' นกอินทรีหัวนวล nók-in-sii hŭa-nuan 'pale-headed Indra's bird (=eagle)'     Latin English/French Vietnamese Other V Chinese Japanese Thai Malay Indonesian Ichthyophaga                 Ichthyophaga humilis Haliaeetus humilis Ichthyophaga nana Lesser fish eagle Lesser fish-eagle Lesser fishing eagle Himalayan grey-headed fishing eagle Pygargue nain Diều cá bé 'small fish dieu'   鱼鵰 yú-diāo 'fish eagle' (2, 4) 渔鵰 yú-diāo 'fishing eagle' (1, 3) 小渔鵰 xiǎo yú-diāo 'small fishing eagle' (5) コウオクイワシ (小魚喰鷲) ko uo-kui washi 'small fish-eating eagle' เหยี่ยวปลาเล็กหัวเทา yìaw-plaa lék hŭa-tʰaw 'grey-headed small fish-hawk' Burung Helang Kanguk Kecil 'small eagle hawk/eagle bird' (17) Burung Lang Kangok 'eagle hawk/eagle eagle' (18, 19) Burung Helang Kangok 'eagle hawk/eagle eagle' (20) Elangikan Kecil 'small fish hawk/eagle' Ichthyophaga ichthyaetus Grey-headed fish eagle Grey-headed fish-eagle Grey-headed fishing eagle Pygargue à tête grise Diều cá đầu xám 'grey-headed fish dieu'   灰头鱼鵰 huī-tóu yú-diāo 'grey-headed fish eagle' (4) 灰头渔鵰 huī-tóu yú-diāo 'grey-headed fishing eagle' (5) ウオクイワシ (魚喰鷲) uo-kui washi 'fish-eating eagle' เหยี่ยวปลาใหญ่หัวเทา yìaw-plaa yày hŭa-tʰaw 'grey-headed large fish-hawk' Burung Helang Kanguk Besar 'large eagle hawk/eagle bird' (17) Burung Lang Kepala Kelabu 'grey-headed hawk/eagle eagle' (18, 19) Elangikan Kepala-kelabu 'grey-headed fish hawk/eagle' Gyps                 Gyps bengalensis Pseudogyps bengalensis Indian white-backed vulture White-rumped vulture Oriental white-backed vulture White-backed vulture Vautour chaugoun Kền kền Măng Gan 'Bengal vulture'   白背兀鹫 bái-bèi wù-jiù 'white-backed bald vulture' ベンガルハゲワシ (ベンガル禿鷲) Bengaru hage-washi 'Bengal bald eagle' อีแร้งเทาหลังขาว ii-ráeeŋ tʰaw lăŋ-kʰăaw 'white-backed grey vulture' Burung Hereng Belakang Putih 'white-backed vulture bird' (17) Burung Hereng Tongkeng Puteh 'white-rumped vulture bird' (18)   Gyps tenuirostris Slender-billed vulture Long-billed griffon Vautour à long bec Kền kền Ấn Độ 'Indian vulture' Note   细嘴兀鹫 xì-zuǐ wù-jiù 'slender-billed bald vulture' (Wikipedia) ハシボソハゲワシ (嘴細禿鷲) hashi-boso hage-washi 'slender-billed bald eagle' อีแร้งสีน้ำตาล ii-ráeeŋ sĭi-nám-taan 'brown vulture'     Sarcogyps                 Sarcogyps calvus Aegypius calvus Red-headed vulture Black vulture Vautour royal Ó tai 'eared eagle'   黑兀鹫 hēi wù-jiù 'black bald vulture' ミミハゲワシ (耳禿鷲) mimi hage-washi 'eared bald eagle' พญาแร้ง pʰa-yaa ráeeŋ 'vulture king' (pʰa-yaa is also title of address) Hereng Kepala Merah 'red-headed vulture bird' (17) Burung Hereng Paruh Panjang 'long-billed vulture bird' (18)   Aegypius                 Aegypius monachus Cinereous vulture Monk vulture Black vulture Vautour moine Đại bàng đầu trọc 'bald-headed eagle'   秃鹫 tū-jiù 'bald vulture' Taiwan: 禿鷲 tū-jiù 'bald vulture' クロハゲワシ (黒禿鷲) kuro hage-washi 'black bald eagle' อีแร้งดำหิมาลัย ii-ráeeŋ dam hì-maa-lay 'Himalayan black vulture' Burung Hereng Hitam 'black vulture bird' (17, 18)   Circaetus                 Circaetus gallicus Circaetus ferox Short-toed eagle Short-toed snake eagle Circaète Jean-le-Blanc Diều ngón ngắn 'short-fingered dieu'   短趾鵰 duǎn-zhǐ diāo 'short-toed eagle' チュウヒワシ (沢鵟鷲) chūhi washi 'harrier eagle' เหยี่ยวนิ้วสั้น yìaw níw sân 'short-toed hawk' Burung Helang Ular 'snake hawk/eagle bird' (17, 18) Elangular Jari-pendek 'short-toed snake hawk/eagle' Spilornis                 Spilornis cheela Crested serpent eagle Crested serpent-eagle Serpentaire bacha Diều hoa Miến Điện 'Burmese flowery dieu'   蛇鵰 shé-diāo 'snake eagle' Taiwan: 大冠鷲 dà guàn-jiù 'great crested eagle/vulture' カンムリワシ (冠鷲) kanmuri washi 'crested eagle' เหยี่ยวรุ้ง yìaw-rúŋ 'rainbow hawk' Burung Helang Kuik 'kuik? hawk/eagle bird' (17) Elangular Bido 'bido snake hawk/eagle' Latin English/French Vietnamese Other V Chinese Japanese Thai Malay Indonesian Circus                 Circus spilonotus Eastern marsh harrier Eastern marsh-harrier Busard d'Orient Diều đầu trắng 'white-headed dieu' Note Ó 'eagle' 白腹鹞 bái-fù yào 'white-bellied yao' Taiwan: 東方澤鷂 dōngfāng zé-yào 'eastern marsh yao' Former Taiwan: 澤鵟 zé-kuáng 'marsh-buzzard' チュウヒ (沢鵟) chūhi 'harrier' (written 'marsh buzzard') เหยี่ยวทุ่งพันธุ์เอเซียตะวันออก yìaw-tʰûŋ pʰan ee-sia ta-wan-òaak 'East Asian species field-hawk' Burung Helang Sawah Besar 'large paddy hawk/eagle bird' (17) Burung Lang Berjambul 'crested hawk/eagle bird' (18) Elangrawa Timur 'eastern marsh hawk/eagle' Circus cyaneus Hen harrier or Northern harrier Busard Saint-Martin Diều 'dieu' (13)   白尾鹞 bái-wěi yào 'white-tailed yao' Taiwan: 灰澤鵟 huī zé-kuáng 'grey marsh-buzzard' ハイイロチュウヒ (灰色沢鵟) hai-iro chūhi 'grey harrier' เหยี่ยวทุ่งแถบเหนือ yìaw-tʰûŋ tʰàeep-nĕua 'northern-area field-hawk' Burung Helang Sawah Kelabu 'grey paddy hawk/eagle bird' (17) Burung Lang Sayap Hitam 'black-winged hawk/eagle bird' (18, 19)   Circus macrourus Pallid harrier Busard pâle Diều bụng trắng 'white-bellied dieu'   草原鹞 cǎo-yuán yào 'steppe yao' ウスハイイロチュウヒ (薄灰色沢鵟) usu hai-iro chūhi 'light grey harrier' เหยี่ยวทุ่งสีจาง yìaw-tʰûŋ sĭi-caaŋ 'pallid field-hawk'     Circus melanoleucos Pied harrier Busard tchoug Diều mướp 'tattered dieu'   鹊鹞 què-yào 'magpie yao' Taiwan: 花澤鵟 huā zé-kuáng 'flowery marsh-buzzard' マダラチュウヒ (斑沢鵟) madara chūhi 'pied harrier' เหยี่ยวด่างดำขาว yìaw dàaŋ-dam-kʰăaw 'black (&) white dotted hawk' Burung Helang Sawah Hitam-Putih 'black (&) white paddy hawk/eagle bird' (17) Burung Lang Tangling 'tangling hawk/eagle bird' (18, 19) Elangrawa Tangling 'tangling marsh hawk/eagle' Latin English/French Vietnamese Other V Chinese Japanese Thai Malay Indonesian

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Accipitridae 2