Accipitridae
Họ Ưng

General names

The following is based on analysis of dictionaries and other sources. Comments and corrections are welcome.

Note on Vietnamese naming: With the exception of ducks and chickens, it is common for Vietnamese bird names to be preceded by the word Chim meaning 'bird', although it is normally omitted in Vietnamese bird lists. All bird names, whether they include chim or not, can be preceded by the classifier con, which is used for living creatures.

Vietnamese has a native word for eagles and other raptors, which is Chim ó. The sparrowhawks are known as Chim bồ cắt (where cắt itself is used for the falcons). Vultures are known as Chim kền kền or Chim kẽn kẽn, or Chim bằng.

Names have also been borrowed from Chinese, and these now form the main terms used in Vietnamese.

• Chim ưng, from Chinese 鷹 yīng, refers to the hawks.
• Chim đại bàng, from Chinese 大鵬 dà-péng, a huge mythical bird often translated as 'roc', is used for larger eagles.
• Chim diều may be related to Chinese 鷂 yào (originally meaning 'sparrowhawk'). It is used for the kites (Chim diều hâu) and other birds.

Ornithologists assign these names to accipitrid genera as follows:

The distribution of terms is interesting. Chim ưng is used for the true hawks; Chim đại bàng for the large eagles. Chim diều is used across a broad range of medium-sized species and is the most common term in the list. By contrast, Chim ó is found only in the names of the Osprey and the Red-headed Vulture.

The vultures are split among three names: Chim ó, Chim đại bàng, and Chim kền kền. The first two terms normally refer to 'eagles', one of many cases where the line between eagles and vultures is a fuzzy one.

Cultural

The Vietnamese expression ưng khuyển or khuyển ưng, meaning 'vultures and dogs', refers to lackeys and servants.

Chữ Nôm

Characters used for accipitrids in the now obsolete Chữ Nôm characters include:

Name	Chữ Nôm Images from the Vietnamese Nôm Preservation Foundation dictionary. (Errors are the sole responsibility of the author of this site)
Ó
Diều	(Chinese character for 'kite'); (Chinese character for 'sparrow hawk')
Ưng	(Chinese character for 'hawk')

Species names

ABOUT THIS TABLE (Hover cursor to see)

PANDIONINAE SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN VIETNAMESE EAST ASIAN S. E. ASIAN Pandion                 Latin English/French Vietnamese Other V Chinese (incl. Taiwan) Japanese Thai Malaysian Indonesian Pandion haliaetus Osprey Balbuzard pêcheur Chim Ó cá 'fish eagle (bird)' Chim ưng biển 'sea hawk' (from general dictionary) Ó biển 'sea-eagle' 鹗 (鶚) è 'osprey' or 鱼鹰 (魚鷹) yú-yīng 'fish hawk' (Alternative in 1, 5) Taiwan: (鱼鹰) 魚鷹 yú-yīng 'fish hawk' ミサゴ (鶚) misago 'osprey' เหยี่ยวออสเปร yìaw òaat-pree 'osprey hawk' (òaat-pree from English 'osprey') Burung Helang Tiram 'oyster hawk (bird)' (26) Burung Lang Tiram 'oyster hawk (bird)' (24, 25) Burung Elang Tiram 'oyster hawk (bird)'

ACCIPITRINAE SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN VIETNAMESE EAST ASIAN S. E. ASIAN Aviceda                 Latin English/French Vietnamese Other V Chinese (incl. Taiwan) Japanese Thai Malaysian Indonesian Aviceda jerdoni Jerdon's baza Blyth's baza Brown-crested lizard hawk Baza de Jerdon Chim Diều hoa 'flowery dieu (bird)'   褐冠鹃隼 (褐冠鵑隼) hè guān juān-sǔn 'brown-crested cuckoo-falcon' チャイロカッコウハヤブサ (茶色郭公隼) cha-iro kakkō-hayabusa 'brown cuckoo-falcon' เหยี่ยวกิ้งก่าสีน้ำตาล yìaw kîŋ-kàa sĭi-nám-taan 'brown treelizard hawk' Burung Helang Jerdon 'Jerdon's hawk (bird)' (26) Burung Lang Baza 'baza hawk (bird)' (baza from English) (24, 25) Burung Baza Jerdon 'Jerdon's baza (bird)' (baza from English) Aviceda leuphotes Black baza Black-crested baza Black-crested lizard hawk Baza huppard Chim Diều mào 'crested dieu (bird)'   黑冠鹃隼 (黑冠鵑隼) hēi-guān juān-sǔn 'black-crested cuckoo-falcon' Taiwan: (黑冠鹃隼) 黑冠鵑隼 hēi-guān juān-zhǔn 'black-crested cuckoo-falcon' クロカッコウハヤブサ (黒郭公隼) kuro kakkō-hayabusa 'black cuckoo-falcon' เหยี่ยวกิ้งก่าสีดำ yìaw kîŋ-kàa sĭi-dam 'black treelizard hawk' Burung Helang Baza baza hawk (bird)' (baza from English) (26) Burung Lang Baza Berjambul 'crested baza hawk (bird)' (baza from English) (24) Burung Lang Baza Hitam 'black baza hawk (bird)' (baza from English) (25) Burung Baza Hitam 'black baza (bird)' (baza from English) Pernis                 Latin English/French Vietnamese Other V Chinese (incl. Taiwan) Japanese Thai Malaysian Indonesian Pernis ptilorhynchus Oriental honey buzzard Oriental honey-buzzard Crested honey buzzard Eurasian Honey Buzzard Bondrée orientale Chim Diều ăn ong 'eat-bee dieu (bird)'   凤头蜂鹰 (鳳頭蜂鷹) fèng-tóu fēng-yīng 'phoenix-headed bee-hawk' Taiwan: (东方蜂鹰) 東方蜂鷹 dōngfāng fēng-yīng 'eastern bee-hawk' Taiwan former official: (鵰头鹰) 鵰頭鷹 diāo-tóu-yīng 'eagle-headed hawk' ハチクマ (蜂角鷹 ~ 蜂熊) hachi-kuma 'bee bear' (written 'bee horned hawk' or 'bee bear' in characters) เหยี่ยวผึ้ง yìaw pʰêuŋ 'bee-hawk' Burung Helang Lebah 'bee hawk (bird)' (26) Burung Lang Lebah 'bee hawk (bird)' (24, 25) Burung Sikep-madu Asia 'Asian honey-hawk (bird)' Elanus                 Latin English/French Vietnamese Other V Chinese (incl. Taiwan) Japanese Thai Malaysian Indonesian Elanus caeruleus Black-winged kite Black-shouldered kite Elanion blanc Chim Diều trắng 'white dieu (bird)'   黑翅鸢 (黑翅鳶) hēi-chì yuān 'black-winged kite' Taiwan: (黑翅鸢) 黑翅鳶 hēi-chì yuān 'black-winged kite' カタグロトビ (肩黒鳶) kata-guro tobi 'black-shouldered kite' เหยี่ยวขาว yìaw kʰăaw 'white hawk' Burung Helang Tikus 'mouse hawk (bird)' (26) Burung Lang Tikus 'mouse hawk (bird)' (25) Burung Lang Bahu Hitam 'black-shouldered hawk (bird)' (24) Burung Elang Tikus 'mouse hawk (bird)' Milvus                 Latin English/French Vietnamese Other V Chinese (incl. Taiwan) Japanese Thai Malaysian Indonesian Milvus migrans Black kite Milan noir Chim Diều hâu 'dieu hau (bird)' Chim Diều 'dieu (bird)' Ó Diều 'dieu eagle' 黑鸢 (黑鳶) hēi yuān 'black kite' or 鸢 (鳶) yuān 'kite' (Alternative in 1, 5) Taiwan: (黑鸢) 黑鳶 hēi yuān 'black kite' Taiwan former official: (老鹰) 老鷹 lǎo-yīng 'old hawk' Taxonomy トビ (鳶) tobi 'kite' เหยี่ยวดำ yìaw dam 'black hawk' Burung Helang Ekor Cabang 'fork-tailed hawk (bird)' (26) Burung Lang Gelap 'dark hawk (bird)' (24) Burung Lang Bangkai 'carrion hawk (bird)' (25) Burung Elang Paria 'pariah hawk (bird)' (from Dutch paria 'pariah') Haliastur                 Latin English/French Vietnamese Other V Chinese (incl. Taiwan) Japanese Thai Malaysian Indonesian Haliastur indus Haliaeetus indus Brahminy kite Milan sacré Chim Diều lửa 'fire dieu (bird)'   栗鸢 (栗鳶) lì yuān 'chestnut kite' Taiwan: (栗鸢) 栗鳶 lì yuān 'chestnut kite' シロガシラトビ (白頭鳶) shiro-gashira tobi 'white-headed kite' เหยี่ยวแดง yìaw daeeŋ 'red hawk' Burung Helang Merah 'red hawk (bird)' (26) Burung Lang Merah 'red hawk (bird)' (24, 25) Burung Elang Bondol 'munia hawk (bird)' Haliaeetus                 Latin English/French Vietnamese Other V Chinese (incl. Taiwan) Japanese Thai Malaysian Indonesian Haliaeetus leucogaster White-bellied Sea Eagle White-bellied Sea-Eagle White-bellied Fish Eagle Pygargue blagre Chim Đại bàng biển bụng trắng 'white-bellied sea-eagle (bird)' Chim Ó biển 'sea-eagle (bird)' 白腹海鵰 (白腹海鵰) bái-fù hǎi-diāo 'white-bellied sea-eagle' Taiwan: (白腹海鵰) 白腹海鵰 bái-fù hǎi-diāo 'white-bellied sea-eagle' シロハラウミワシ (白腹海鷲) shiro-hara umi-washi 'white-bellied sea-eagle' นกออก nók òaak 'òaak bird' (onomat.) Burung Helang Siput 'shell hawk (bird)' (26) Burung Lang Siput 'shell hawk (bird)' (24, 25) or Burung Helang Laut 'sea hawk (bird)' (Alternative in 26) Burung Elang-laut Perut-putih 'white-bellied sea-hawk (bird)' Haliaeetus leucoryphus Pallas's fish eagle Pallas's fish-eagle Pallas's sea eagle Pallas's fishing eagle Pygargue de Pallas Chim Đại bàng biển đuôi trắng 'white-tailed sea-eagle (bird)'   玉带海鵰 (玉帶海鵰) yù-dài hǎi-diāo 'jade band sea-eagle' キガシラウミワシ (黄頭海鷲) ki-gashira umi-washi 'yellow-headed sea-eagle' นกอินทรีหัวนวล nók in-sii hŭa-nuan 'pale-headed Indra's bird (=eagle)'     Ichthyophaga                 Latin English/French Vietnamese Other V Chinese (incl. Taiwan) Japanese Thai Malaysian Indonesian Ichthyophaga humilis Haliaeetus humilis Ichthyophaga nana Lesser fish eagle Lesser fish-eagle Lesser fishing eagle Himalayan grey-headed fishing eagle Pygargue nain Chim Diều cá bé 'small fish dieu (bird)'   鱼鵰 (魚鵰) yú-diāo 'fish eagle' (2, 4) 渔鵰 (漁鵰) yú-diāo 'fishing eagle' (1, 3) 小渔鵰 (小漁鵰) xiǎo yú-diāo 'small fishing eagle' (5) コウオクイワシ (小魚喰鷲) ko uo-kui washi 'small fish-eating eagle' เหยี่ยวปลาเล็กหัวเทา yìaw-plaa lék hŭa-tʰaw 'grey-headed small fish-hawk' Burung Helang Kanguk Kecil 'small fisheagle hawk (bird)' (26) Burung Lang Kanguk 'fisheagle hawk (bird)' (25) Burung Lang Kangok 'fisheagle hawk (bird)' (24) Burung Elang-ikan Kecil 'small fish-hawk (bird)' Ichthyophaga ichthyaetus Grey-headed fish eagle Grey-headed fish-eagle Grey-headed fishing eagle Pygargue à tête grise Chim Diều cá đầu xám 'grey-headed fish dieu (bird)'   灰头鱼鵰 (灰頭魚鵰) huī-tóu yú-diāo 'grey-headed fish eagle' (4) 灰头渔鵰 (灰頭漁鵰) huī-tóu yú-diāo 'grey-headed fishing eagle' (5) ウオクイワシ (魚喰鷲) uo-kui washi 'fish-eating eagle' เหยี่ยวปลาใหญ่หัวเทา yìaw-plaa yày hŭa-tʰaw 'grey-headed large fish-hawk' Burung Helang Kanguk Besar 'large fisheagle hawk (bird)' (26) Burung Lang Kepala Kelabu 'grey-headed hawk (bird)' (24, 25) Burung Elang-ikan Kepala-kelabu 'grey-headed fish-hawk (bird)' Gyps                 Latin English/French Vietnamese Other V Chinese (incl. Taiwan) Japanese Thai Malaysian Indonesian Gyps bengalensis Pseudogyps bengalensis Indian white-backed vulture White-rumped vulture Oriental white-backed vulture White-backed vulture Vautour chaugoun Chim Kền kền Măng Gan 'Bengal vulture (bird)'   白背兀鹫 (白背兀鷲) bái-bèi wù-jiù 'white-backed bald-vulture' (鹫 is traditionally used for both eagles and vultures) ベンガルハゲワシ (ベンガル禿鷲) bengaru hage-washi 'Bengal bald-eagle' อีแร้งเทาหลังขาว ii-ráeeŋ tʰaw lăŋ-kʰăaw 'white-backed grey vulture' Burung Hereng Belakang Putih 'white-backed vulture (bird)' (26) Burung Hereng Tongkeng Puteh 'white-rumped vulture (bird)' (24) Burung Hereng Tongkeng Putih 'white-rumped vulture (bird)' (25)   Gyps tenuirostris Slender-billed vulture Long-billed griffon Vautour à long bec Chim Kền kền Ấn Độ 'Indian vulture (bird)' Taxonomy   细嘴兀鹫 (細嘴兀鷲) xì-zuǐ wù-jiù 'slender-billed bald-vulture' (鹫 is traditionally used for both eagles and vultures) (Wikipedia) ハシボソハゲワシ (嘴細禿鷲) hashi-boso hage-washi 'slender-billed bald-eagle' อีแร้งสีน้ำตาล ii-ráeeŋ sĭi-nám-taan 'brown vulture' Burung Hereng Paruh Panjang 'long-billed vulture (bird)' (24, 25, 26)   Sarcogyps                 Latin English/French Vietnamese Other V Chinese (incl. Taiwan) Japanese Thai Malaysian Indonesian Sarcogyps calvus Aegypius calvus Red-headed vulture Black vulture Vautour royal Chim Ó tai 'eared eagle (bird)'   黑兀鹫 (黑兀鷲) hēi wù-jiù 'black bald-vulture' (鹫 is traditionally used for both eagles and vultures) ミミハゲワシ (耳禿鷲) mimi hage-washi 'eared bald-eagle' พญาแร้ง pʰa-yaa ráeeŋ 'vulture king' (pʰa-yaa is also title of address) Burung Hereng Kepala Merah 'red-headed vulture (bird)' (24, 25, 26)   Aegypius                 Latin English/French Vietnamese Other V Chinese (incl. Taiwan) Japanese Thai Malaysian Indonesian Aegypius monachus Cinereous vulture Monk vulture Black vulture Vautour moine Chim Đại bàng đầu trọc 'bald-headed eagle (bird)'   秃鹫 (禿鷲) tū-jiù 'bald-vulture' (鹫 is traditionally used for both eagles and vultures) Taiwan: (秃鹫) 禿鷲 tū-jiù 'bald-eagle/vulture' クロハゲワシ (黒禿鷲) kuro hage-washi 'black bald-eagle' อีแร้งดำหิมาลัย ii-ráeeŋ dam hì-maa-lay 'Himalayan black vulture' Burung Hereng Hitam 'black vulture (bird)' (24, 25, 26)   Circaetus                 Latin English/French Vietnamese Other V Chinese (incl. Taiwan) Japanese Thai Malaysian Indonesian Circaetus gallicus Circaetus ferox Short-toed eagle Short-toed snake eagle Circaète Jean-le-Blanc Chim Diều ngón ngắn 'short-toed dieu (bird)'   短趾鵰 (短趾鵰) duǎn-zhǐ diāo 'short-toed eagle' チュウヒワシ (沢鵟鷲) chūhi washi 'harrier eagle' เหยี่ยวนิ้วสั้น yìaw níw-sân 'short-toed hawk' Burung Helang Ular 'snake hawk (bird)' (24, 26) Burung Lang Ular 'snake hawk (bird)' (25) Burung Elang-ular Jari-pendek 'short-toed snake-hawk' (bird) Spilornis                 Latin English/French Vietnamese Other V Chinese (incl. Taiwan) Japanese Thai Malaysian Indonesian Spilornis cheela Crested serpent eagle Crested serpent-eagle Serpentaire bacha Chim Diều hoa Miến Điện 'Burmese flowery dieu (bird)'   蛇鵰 (蛇鵰) shé-diāo 'snake-eagle' Taiwan: (大冠鹫) 大冠鷲 dà guān-jiù 'large crested eagle/vulture' カンムリワシ (冠鷲) kanmuri washi 'crested eagle' เหยี่ยวรุ้ง yìaw-rúŋ 'rainbow hawk' Burung Helang Kuik 'kuik hawk (bird)' (onomat.) (26) Burung Lang Kuik 'kuik hawk (bird)' (onomat.) (25) Burung Elang-ular Bido 'serpenthawk snake-hawk' (cf Accipiter badius)

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