General names
Information is based on dictionaries and other sources. Species list may not be current. Korean glosses are only tentative. Comments and corrections welcome.
The members of this family are known a variety of names. The most general name is ヒタキ hitaki, written with the character 鶲, which gives its name to the family. In combinations, this is often pronounced ビタキ -bitaki. This use of the character 鶲 appears to be a Japanese usage (Obunsha's Kanwa Jiten). That is, 鶲 is an old Chinese character for some unspecified kind of bird that was pressed into service to represent the Japanese word hitaki 'flycatcher' precisely because Chinese lacked an appropriate character.
The following shows the names used in the family and corresponding genera:
| Name | Genera | Notes |
| ヒタキ (鶲) hitaki -ビタキ (鶲) -bitaki |
Phoenicurus (Redstarts) Saxicola (Stone Chats / Bush Chats) Muscicapa (Flycatchers) Ficedula (Flycatchers) |
Redstarts are called ジョウビタキ (尉鶲, 常鶲, 上鶲) jō-bitaki. All characters for jō are arbitrarily assigned ate-ji. |
| イソヒヨドリ (磯鵯) iso-hiyo-dori イソヒヨ (磯鵯) iso-hiyo 'rock-bulbul' |
Monticola (Rock Thrushes) | In Japanese the genus is named after the bulbuls, not the thrushes. |
| コマドリ (駒鳥) koma-dori 'pony-bird' -ゴマ (駒) -goma |
Luscinia (Robins) | コマドリ koma-dori 'pony-bird' is the name given to the Japanese Robin (Luscinia akahige), supposedly because its call resembles the whinnying of a horse. |
| ムギマキ (麦蒔き or 麦播き) mugi-maki 'wheat-sower' |
Ficedula mugimaki (Mugimaki Flycatcher) | - |
| ルリ (瑠璃 or 琉璃) ruri 'lapis lazuli' |
Cyanoptila cyanomelana (Blue-and-white Flycatcher) Luscinia cyane (Siberian Blue Robin) |
From blue colour. |
| アカヒゲ (赤髭) aka-hige 'red beard' |
Luscinia komadori (Ryukyu Robin) | - |
The scientific names of Luscinia komadori and Luscinia akahige are the reverse of the Japanese names from which they are derived. This mixup is apparently due to Temminck. Ironically, the incorrect names have become quite entrenched, and the French names even take the erroneous scientific names as a basis for the official French 'common names'.
2. Species names
| SAXICOLINAE | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN |
JAPANESE |
CHINESE |
KOREAN |
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| Luscinia | |||||||
Latin |
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru |
Japanese |
Other J |
Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Korean |
| Luscinia akahige Erithacus akahige  |
Japanese robin Rossignol akahigé Japanisches Rotkehlchen Японская зарянка  Name |
コマドリ (駒鳥) koma-dori 'robin-bird' |
日本歌鸲 (日本歌鴝) 'Japanese song-robin' or 歌鸲 (歌鴝) 'song-robin' (Alternative in 1, 5) |
(日本歌鸲) 日本歌鴝 'Japanese song-robin' |
夜莺 (夜鶯) 'night warbler' (literary) |
붉은가슴울새 bulgeun-gaseum-ul-sae 'red-breasted ul bird' |
|
| Luscinia komadori Erithacus komadori |
Ryukyu robin Riukiu robin Rossignol komadori Samtkehlchen Черногорлая зарянка Name |
アカヒゲ (赤髭) aka-hige 'red-beard' |
琉球歌鸲 (琉球歌鴝) 'Ryukyu song-robin' |
(琉球歌鸲) 琉球歌鴝 'Ryukyu song-robin' |
|||
| Luscinia svecica Luscinia svecicus Erithacus svecicus |
Bluethroat Gorgebleue à miroir Blaukehlchen Варакушка |
オガワコマドリ (小川駒鳥) ogawa koma-dori 'Ogawa robin-bird' |
蓝喉歌鸲 (藍喉歌鴝) 'blue-throated song-robin' or 蓝点颏 (藍點頦) 'blue-dot chin' (Alternative in 1, 3, 5) |
(蓝喉鸲) 藍喉鴝 'blue-throated robin' |
蓝靛颏儿 (藍靛頦兒) 'blue chin' 点颏 (點頦) 'dot chin' (also used for L. calliope) 蓝脖 (藍脖) 'blue throat' 蓝脖子雀 (藍脖子雀) 'blue-throated sparrow' 九圈领 (九圈領) 'nine ring collar' 蓝秸 (藍秸) 'blue stalk/straw' 芦槁鸟 (蘆槁鳥) 'reed withered bird' (Also used for L. calliope) 蓝膀 (藍膀) 'blue wing' (juvenile) |
흰눈썹울새 huin-nunsseob-ul-sae 'white-eyebrowed ul bird' |
|
| Luscinia calliope Erithacus calliope |
Siberian rubythroat Rossignol calliope Rubinkehlchen Соловей-красношейка |
ノゴマ (野駒) no-goma 'field-robin' |
ヒノマル (日の丸) hinomaru 'hinomaru' (Japanese flag) ノドアカ (喉赤) nodo-aka 'red-throat' |
红喉歌鸲 (紅喉歌鴝) 'red-throated song-robin' or 红点颏 (紅點頦) 'red-dot chin' (Alternative in 1, 3, 5) |
(野鸲) 野鴝 'field-robin' |
红靛颏儿 (紅靛頦兒) 'red blue chin?' 红颏 (紅頦) 'red chin' 点颏 (點頦) 'dot chin' (also used for L. svecica) 白点颏 (白點頦) 'white-dot chin' (female) 红脖 (紅脖) 'red throat' 红脖雀 (紅脖雀) 'red-throated sparrow' 芦槁鸟 (蘆槁鳥) 'reed withered bird' (also used for L. svecica) |
진홍가슴 jin-hong-gaseum 'true (?) red-breast' |
| Luscinia cyane Erithacus cyane |
Siberian blue robin Rossignol bleu Blaunachtigall Синий соловей |
コルリ (小瑠璃 ~ 小琉璃) ko-ruri 'small lapis lazuli' |
蓝歌鸲 (藍歌鴝) 'blue song-robin' |
(蓝歌鸲) 藍歌鴝 'blue song-robin' |
蓝鸲 (藍鴝) 'blue robin' 青鸲 (青鴝) 'green/blue robin' 小玻璃 (小玻璃) 'small glass' (mistake for 琉璃 ? -- see Japanese name) 黑老婆儿 (黑老婆兒) 'black wife' 蓝尾巴根子 (藍尾巴根子) 'blue tailroot' (north) 蓝靛杠 (藍靛槓) 'blue rod' 挂银牌 (掛銀牌) 'wear silver medallion' (Sichuan) 轻尾儿 (輕尾兒) 'light-tail' (possibly 青尾儿 'green/blue-tail') |
쇠유리새 soe-yuri-sae 'small lapis lazuli bird' |
|
Latin |
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru |
Japanese |
Other J |
Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Korean |
| Luscinia cyanura Tarsiger cyanurus Erithacus cyanurus |
Orange-flanked bush robin Red-flanked bluetail Red-flanked bush robin Siberian bluechat Rossignol à flancs roux Blauschwanz Синехвостка |
ルリビタキ (瑠璃鶲 ~ 琉璃鶲) ruri-bitaki 'lapis lazuli flycatcher' |
红胁蓝尾鸲 (紅脇藍尾鴝) 'red-flanked blue-tailed robin' |
(蓝尾鸲) 藍尾鴝 'blue-tailed robin' |
青鹟 (青鶲) 'green/blue flycatcher' 蓝尾欧鸲 (藍尾歐鴝) 'blue-tailed European robin' 红胁歌鸲 (紅脇歌鴝) 'red-flanked song-robin' 青尾儿 (青尾兒) 'blue tail' (see L. cyane) 蓝尾巴根子 (藍尾巴根子) 'blue-tailroot' (see L. cyane) 蓝点冈儿 (藍點岡兒) 'blue-spotted rod' (north) 蓝尾述 (藍尾述) 'blue-tailed shu' (south) |
유리딱새 yuri-ttak-sae 'lapis lazuli ttak-bird' |
|
| Luscinia sibilans Erithacus sibilans |
Rufous-tailed robin Swinhoe's robin Red-tailed robin Swinhoe's red-tailed Robin Rossignol siffleur Schwirrnachtigall Соловей-свистун |
シマゴマ (島駒) shima-goma 'island robin' |
红尾歌鸲 (紅尾歌鴝) 'red-tailed song-robin' |
(红尾歌鸲) 紅尾歌鴝 'red-tailed song-robin' |
红腿欧鸲 (紅腿歐鴝) 'red-legged European robin' |
울새 ul-sae 'ul bird' |
|
| Phoenicurus | |||||||
Latin |
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru |
Japanese |
Other J |
Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Korean |
| Phoenicurus ochruros |
Black redstart Rougequeue noir Hausrotschwanz Горихвостка-чернушка |
クロジョウビタキ (黒尉鶲) kuro jō-bitaki 'black jo-flycatcher' |
赭红尾鸲 (赭紅尾鴝) 'brownish-red red-tailed robin' |
(赭红尾鸲) 赭紅尾鴝 'reddishbrown red-tailed robin' |
검은머리딱새 geomeun-meori-ttak-sae 'black-headed ttak-bird' |
||
| Phoenicurus auroreus |
Daurian redstart Rougequeue aurore Gartenrotschwanz Сибирская горихвостка |
ジョウビタキ (尉鶲, also 常鶲, 上鶲) jō-bitaki 'jo flycatcher' (characters for jo mean 'officer', 'always', and 'above' respectively. Read as 'officer', this is an irregular reading). |
モンツキドリ (紋付き鳥) mon-tsuki-dori 'bird with insignia/crest' (refers to white patch on wing) |
北红尾鸲 (北紅尾鴝) 'northern red-tailed robin' |
(黃尾鸲) 黃尾鴝 'yellow-tailed robin' |
花红燕儿 (花紅燕兒) 'flowery red swallow' 花红燕 (花紅燕) 'flowery red swallow' 大红燕 (大紅燕) 'large red swallow' 火燕 (火燕) 'fire swallow' 茶鹟 (茶鶲) 'tea (brown) flycatcher' 朗鹟 (朗鶲) 'bright flycatcher' 穿马褂 (穿馬褂) 'wear jacket (magua = a kind of jacket originally worn by the Manchus) 灰顶茶鸲 (灰頂茶鴝) 'grey-headed brown robin' 灰顶红茶鸲 (灰頂紅茶鴝) 'grey-headed red-brown robin' 灰顶红尾鸲 (灰頂紅尾鴝) 'grey-headed red-tailed robin' |
딱새 ttak-sae 'ttak-bird' |
| Saxicola | |||||||
Latin |
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru |
Japanese |
Other J |
Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Korean |
| Saxicola torquatus Saxicola torquata |
Common stonechat Stonechat Common bushchat Siberian stonechat Tarier pâtre Schwarzkehlchen Черноголовый чекан |
ノビタキ (野鶲) no-bitaki 'field flycatcher' |
黑喉石䳭 (黑喉石䳭) 'black-throated stone chat' |
(黑喉鸲) 黑喉鴝 'black-throated robin' |
검은딱새 geomeun-ttak-sae 'black ttak-bird' |
||
| Saxicola ferreus Saxicola ferrea |
Grey bushchat Tarier gris Grauschmätzer |
ヤマザキヒタキ (山崎鶲) yamazaki hitaki 'Yamazaki flycatcher' |
灰林䳭 (灰林䳭) 'grey forest chat' |
(灰丛鸲) 灰叢鴝 'grey thicket robin' |
검은뺨딱새 | ||
| Oenanthe | |||||||
Latin |
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru |
Japanese |
Other J |
Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Korean |
| Oenanthe isabellina |
Isabelline wheatear Traquet isabelle Isabellschmätzer Каменка-плясунья |
イナバヒタキ (因幡鶲) inaba hitaki 'Inaba flycatcher' |
沙䳭 (沙䳭) 'sand chat' |
(沙䳭) 沙䳭 'sand chat' |
긴다리사막딱새 gin-dari-samak-ttak-sae 'long-legged desert ttak-bird' |
||
| Oenanthe oenanthe |
Northern wheatear Wheatear Traquet motteux Steinschmätzer Обыкновенная каменка |
ハシグロヒタキ (嘴黒鶲) hashi-guro hitaki 'black-billed flycatcher' |
穗䳭 (穗䳭) 'grainear chat' |
(穗䳭) 穗䳭 'grainear chat' |
북방사막딱새 bukbang-samak-ttak-sae 'northern desert ttak-bird' |
||
| Oenanthe pleschanka |
Pied wheatear Traquet pie Nonnenschmätzer Каменка-плешанка |
セグロサバクヒタキ (背黒砂漠鶲) se-guro sabaku-hitaki 'black-backed desert flycatcher' |
白顶䳭 (白頂䳭) 'white-capped chat' (1, 2, 3, 5) 斑䳭 (斑䳭) 'striped chat' (4) Taxonomy |
검은등사막딱새 geomeun-deung-samak-ttak-sae 'black-backed desert ttak-bird' |
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| Oenanthe deserti |
Desert wheatear Traquet du désert Wüstenschmätzer Каменка пустынная |
サバクヒタキ (砂漠鶲) sabaku-hitaki 'desert flycatcher' |
漠䳭 (漠䳭) 'desert chat' |
(漠䳭) 漠䳭 'desert chat' |
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| Monticola | |||||||
Latin |
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru |
Japanese |
Other J |
Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Korean |
| Monticola saxatilis |
Common rock thrush Rufous-tailed rock-thrush Mountain rock thrush White-backed rock thrush Robin thrush Rock thrush Monticole merle-de-roche Steinrötel Пестрый каменный дрозд |
コシジロイソヒヨ (腰白磯鵯) koshi-jiro iso-hiyo 'white-rumped rock-bulbul' |
白背矶鸫 (白背磯鶇) 'white-backed rock-thrush' |
||||
| Monticola solitarius |
Blue rock thrush Blue rock-thrush Monticole merle-bleu Blaumerle Синий каменный дрозд |
イソヒヨドリ (磯鵯) iso-hiyo-dori 'rock-bulbul' |
Many regional names (see Hiraizumi - Japanese site) | 蓝矶鸫 (藍磯鶇) 'blue rock-thrush' |
(蓝矶鸫) 藍磯鶇 'blue rock-thrush' |
水嘴 (水嘴) 'water mouth' 麻石青 (麻石青) 'hemp stone green/blue' 石鸫 (石鶇) 'rock-thrush' 矶鸫 (磯鶇) 'rock-thrush' |
바다직박구리 bada-jikbakguri 'sea (?) jikbakguri' |
| Monticola gularis Petrophila gularis |
White-throated rock thrush White-throated rock-thrush Blue-headed rock thrush Monticole à gorge blanche Amurrötel Белогорлый дрозд |
ヒメイソヒヨ (姫磯鵯) hime iso-hiyo 'princess rock-bulbul' |
白喉矶鸫 (白喉磯鶇) 'white-throated rock-thrush' (2, 3, 4) 蓝头矶鸫 (藍頭磯鶇) 'blue-headed rock-thrush' (1, 5) Taxonomy |
(白喉矶鸫) 白喉磯鶇 'white-throated rock-thrush' |
红喉矶鸫 (紅喉磯鶇) 'red-throated rock-thrush' 白喉石鸫 (白喉磯鶇) 'white-throated stone thrush' 虎皮翠 (虎皮翠) 'tiger skin kingfisher' 葫芦翠 (葫蘆翠) 'gourd kingfisher' |
꼬까직박구리 kkokka-jikbakguri 'kkokka jikbakguri' |
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Floating Menu by Milonic |
Tool tips by Walter Zorn |
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