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Anatidae
ガンカモ科
gan-kamo ka

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yā kē

雁鴨科
yàn-yā kē

오리과
ori-gwa

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General names

Information is based on dictionaries and other sources. Species list may not be current. Korean glosses are only tentative. Comments and corrections welcome.

In Japanese, the normal term for a wild duck is カモ kamo, written with the Chinese character (less commonly ). As the second term in a combination, カモ kamo generally becomes ガモ -gamo. Occasionally the terms カモドリ kamo-dori (鴨鳥 = 'wildduck-bird') or アシガモ ashi-gamo (葦鴨 = 'reed-wildduck') may be seen. Note that domestic ducks are known in Japanese by the completely different name of あひる ahiru, written 家鴨 'domestic duck' or . The written form 家鴨 is from Chinese, where is used for both wild and domesticated ducks.

The Mandarin duck is known as the オシドリ oshi-dori, written 鴛鴦 as in Chinese.

The mergansers are known as アイサ aisa, written 秋沙 'autumn sand'.

Whistling ducks are known as リュウキュウガモ ryūkyū-gamo (琉球鴨) 'Ryukyu wildduck', reflecting the fact that Japan's only dendrocynid is found in the Ryukyu islands in the far south.

Wild geese are generally called ガン gan, a Chinese borrowing written in characters. The native term is カリ kari, also written , which originated in imitation of the birds' cry, and is more likely to be found in poetry. A much less common term is カタイトドリ kata-ito-dori, written 片糸鳥 and meaning 'yarn thread bird'. The domesticated goose has its own name, がちょう ga-chō (鵝鳥), which is from the Chinese word for 'goose', é.

The swans are known in Japanese as ハクチョウ haku-chō, written 白鳥 'white bird'. Haku-chō is the on-reading (Chinese-style reading) of the characters 白鳥, suggesting that the name was borrowed from Chinese, but in fact the Chinese do not use the name 白鳥 'white bird' for the swans. It is more likely that haku-chō represents a 'fancy reading' of the native term シラトリ shira-tori (meaning 'white bird' and also written 白鳥). Another name is スワン suwan from the English. For the curious, black swans are officially known as コクチョウ (黒鳥) koku-chō or 'black birds'.

Cultural:

In Japanese haiku, wild geese (がん gan, かり kari, or かりがね kari-gane) are a season word for late autumn. The wild duck or kamo , on the other hand, is normally a season word for winter, unless it is a 通し鴨 tōshi-gamo or 'sojourner wild-duck', when it becomes a season word for summer.

The Japanese word カモ kamo colloquially refers to a gullible dupe or easy mark. To emphasise the point, Japanese will often use the jocular expression カモがやって来た、ネギをしょって kamo ga yatte kita, negi o shotte, 'a wild-duck's coming, and it's brought the shallots with it!' (i.e., ready for cooking).

Species names

› ABOUT THIS TABLE (Hover cursor to see) ‹
DENDROCYGNINAE
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN
JAPANESE
CHINESE
KOREAN
Dendrocygna              
Latin
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru
Japanese
Other J
Chinese
Chinese (Taiwan)
Other Ch
Korean
Dendrocygna javanica
link to photo
Lesser whistling duck
Lesser whistling-duck
Indian whistling duck
Lesser treeduck
Whistling teal
Dendrocygne siffleur
Javapfeifgans
Древеснаяа свистщяая утка,
Утка свистящая малая,
Индийская свистящая утка,
Яванская свистящая утка
リュウキュウガモ
(琉球鴨)
ryūkyū-gamo
'Ryukyu wildduck'
  栗树鸭
(栗樹鴨)
lì shù-yā
'chestnut tree wildduck'
(树鸭)
樹鴨
shù-yā
'tree-duck'
尼鸭
(尼鴨)
ní yā
'nun duck' (Guangxi) (FS)
啸鸭
(嘯鴨)
xiào yā
'whistling duck' (FS)
 
 
ANSERINAE
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN
JAPANESE
CHINESE
KOREAN
Anser              
Latin
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru
Japanese
Other J
Chinese
Chinese (Taiwan)
Other Ch
Korean
Anser cygnoides
link to photo
Swan goose
Chinese goose
Oie cygnoïde
Schwanengans
Сухонос,
Гусь-сухонос
サカツラガン
(酒面雁)
saka-tsura gan
'wine-faced wildgoose' (refers to reddish-coloured face)
  鸿雁
(鴻雁)
hóng-yàn
'swangoose wildgoose'
(鸿雁)
鴻雁
hóng-yàn
'swangoose wildgoose'
大雁
(大雁)
dà-yàn
'large wildgoose' (also used for other types of goose) (FS)
原鹅
(原鵝)
yuán é
'original goose' (dict) (FS)
洪雁
(洪雁)
hóng-yàn
'flood wildgoose' (FS)
冠雁
(冠雁)
guān-yàn
'crested wildgoose' (FS)
天鹅式大雁
(天鵝式大雁)
tiān-é-shì dà-yàn
'sky-goose (=swan)-style wildgoose' (Gee) (FS)
随鹅
(隨鵝)
suí é
'following goose' (Honghu, Hubei) (FS)
黑嘴鹅
(黑嘴鵝)
hēi-zuǐ yàn
'black-billed wildgoose' (FS)
沙鹅
(沙鵝)
shā yàn
'sand wildgoose' (FS)
草鹅
(草鵝)
cǎo yàn
'grass wildgoose' (FS)
奇鹅
(奇鵝)
qí-é
'strange goose' (L. Dongting, Hubei/Hunan) (FS)
개리
gaeri
'gaeri'
Anser fabalis
link to photolink to photolink to photo
Bean goose
Eastern bean goose
Oie des moissons
Saatgans
Гуменник
ヒシクイ
(菱喰)
hishi-kui
'water-caltrop eater'
ヌマタロウ
(沼太郎)
numa-tarō
'swamp fellow' (Taro is an archetypal boy's name)
オオガリ
(大雁)
ō-gari
'large wildgoose'
豆雁
(豆雁)
dòu-yàn
'bean wildgoose'
(豆雁)
豆雁
dòu-yàn
'bean wildgoose'
大雁
(大雁)
dà yàn
'large wildgoose' (general name, also used for other types of goose) (FS)
普通大雁
(普通大雁)
pǔtōng dà yàn
'common large wildgoose' (FS)
东方豆雁
(東方豆雁)
dōngfāng dòu-yàn
'Eastern bean wildgoose' (FS)
鸿
()
hóng
'swangoose' (dict) (FS)
麦鹅
(麥鵝)
mài é
'grain goose' (Xi'an) (FS)
西伯利亚豆雁
(西伯利亞豆雁)
xībólìyà dòu-yàn
'Siberian bean wildgoose' (Gee) (FS)
큰기러기
keun-gireogi
'large goose'
Anser anser
link to photolink to photo
Greylag goose
Oie cendrée
Graugans
Серый гусь
ハイイロガン
(灰色雁)
hai-iro gan
'grey-coloured wildgoose'
  灰雁
(灰雁)
huī yàn
'grey wildgoose'
(灰雁)
灰雁
huī yàn
'grey wildgoose'
红嘴雁
(鴻嘴雁)
hóng-zuǐ yàn
'red-billed wildgoose' (FS)
灰腰雁
(灰腰雁)
huī-yāo yàn
'grey-rumped wildgoose' (FS)
大雁
(大雁)
dà yàn
'large wildgoose' (northern general name, also used for other types of goose) (FS)
黄嘴灰鹅
(灰嘴灰鵝)
huáng-zuǐ huī é
'yellow-billed grey goose' (Fujian) (FS)
沙鹅
(沙鵝)
shā-é
'sand goose' (Inner Mongolia) (FS)
沙雁
(沙雁)
shā-yàn
'sand wildgoose' (Honghu, Hubei) (FS)
회색기러기
hoe-saek-gireogi
'grey-coloured goose'
Anser albifrons
link to photolink to photo
Greater white-fronted goose
White-fronted goose
Oie rieuse
Bläßgans
Белолобый гусь
マガン
(真雁)
ma-gan
'true wildgoose'
カリ
()
kari
'wildgoose'
白额雁
(白額雁)
bái-é yàn
'white-foreheaded wildgoose'
(白额雁)
白額雁
bái-é yàn
'white-foreheaded wildgoose'
白额鹅
(白額鵝)
bái-é é
'white-foreheaded goose'
草鹅
(草鵝)
cǎo-é
'grass goose'
大雁
(大雁)
dà-yàn
'large wildgoose' (general name, also used for other types of goose) (FS)
花斑
(花斑)
huā-bān
'flowery-stripe' (FS)
明斑
(明斑)
míng-bān
'bright-stripe' (Honghu, Hubei) (FS)
쇠기러기
soe-gireogi
'small goose'
Anser erythropus
link to photolink to photo
Lesser white-fronted goose
Oie naine
Zwerggans
Пискулька
カリガネ
(, 雁金, 雁が音)
kari-gane
'wildgoose cry' (written 'goose', 'goose metal', or 'goose sound')
  小白额雁
(小白額雁)
xiǎo bái-é yàn
'small white-foreheaded wildgoose'
(小白额雁)
小白額雁
xiǎo bái-é yàn
'small white-foreheaded wildgoose'
  흰이마기러기
huin-ima-gireogi
'white-foreheaded goose'
Latin
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru
Japanese
Other J
Chinese
Chinese (Taiwan)
Other Ch
Korean
Anser indicus
link to photolink to photo
Bar-headed goose
Oie à tête barrée
Streifengans
Горный гусь
インドガン
(インド雁)
indo gan
'Indian wildgoose'
  斑头雁
(斑頭雁)
bān-tóu yàn
'stripe-headed wildgoose'
  白头雁
(白頭雁)
bái-tóu yàn
'white-headed wildgoose' (FS)
黑纹头雁
(黑紋頭雁)
hēi-wén-tóu yàn
'black-finepattern-headed wildgoose' (FS)
줄기러기
jul-gireogi
'lined goose'
Anser canagicus
Anser canagica
link to photolink to photo
Emperor goose
Oie empereur
Kaisergans
Белошей
ミカドガン
(帝雁)
mikado gan
'emperor (=mikado) wildgoose'
  帝雁
(帝雁)
dì-yàn
'Emperor wildgoose' (4)
皇雁
(皇雁)
huáng-yàn
'Emperor wildgoose' (5)
     
Anser caerulescens
link to photolink to photo
Snow goose
Oie des neiges
Schneegans
Белый гусь
ハクガン
(白雁)
haku-gan
'white wildgoose'
  雪雁
(雪雁)
xuě-yàn
'snow wildgoose'
  考雁
(考雁)
kǎo yàn
'kao wildgoose'
白雁
(白雁)
bái yàn
'white wildgoose' (Hebei) (FS)
흰기러기
huin-gireogi
'white goose'
Branta              
Latin
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru
Japanese
Other J
Chinese
Chinese (Taiwan)
Other Ch
Korean
Branta canadensis
Anser canadensis
link to photolink to photo
Canada goose
Bernache du Canada
Kanadagans
Канадская казарка
カナダガン
(カナダ雁)
kanada gan
'Canada wildgoose'
Subspecies is:
シジュウカラガン
(四十雀雁)
shijūkara gan
'great-tit wildgoose'
›Taxonomy‹
ホオジロガン
(頬白雁)
hō-jiro gan
'white-cheeked wildgoose'
カナダガモ
(カナダ鴨)
kanada gamo
'Canada wildduck'
加拿大黑雁
jiānádà hēi-yàn
'Canada black wildgoose' (4)
黑额黑雁
(黑額黑雁)
hēi-é hēi-yàn
'black-foreheaded black wildgoose' (5)
(加拿大雁)
加拿大雁
jiānádà yàn
'Canada wildgoose'
  캐나다기러기
kaenada-gireogi
'Canada goose'
›Taxonomy‹
Branta bernicla
link to photolink to photo
Brent goose
or
Brant
Bernache cravant
Ringelgans
Казарка черная
コクガン
(黒雁)
koku-gan
'black wildgoose'
  黑雁
(黑雁)
hēi-yàn
'black wildgoose'
(黑雁)
黑雁
hēi-yàn
'black wildgoose'
  흑기러기
heuk-gireogi
'black goose'
Cygnus              
Latin
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru
Japanese
Other J
Chinese
Chinese (Taiwan)
Other Ch
Korean
Cygnus olor
link to photolink to photo
Mute swan
Cygne tuberculé
Höckerschwan
Лебедь-шипун
コブハクチョウ
(瘤白鳥)
kobu haku-chō
'lump white-bird'
  疣鼻天鹅
(疣鼻天鵝)
yóu-bí tiān-é
'mole-nosed sky-goose' (2, 3, 4, 5)
瘤鼻天鹅
(瘤鼻天鵝)
liú-bí tiān-é
'lump-nosed sky-goose' (1)
or
赤嘴天鹅
(赤嘴天鵝)
chì-zuǐ tiān-é
'red-billed sky-goose' (Alternative in 1)
(疣鼻天鹅)
疣鼻天鵝
yóu-bí tiān-é
'mole-nosed sky-goose'
Taiwan former official:
(瘤鹄)
瘤鵠
liú hú
'lump swan'
哑声天鹅
(啞聲天鵝)
yǎ-shēng tiān-é
'mute-voiced sky-goose' (Alternative in 6)
혹고니
hok-goni
'lump swan'
Cygnus colombianus
link to photolink to photo
Tundra swan
Whistling swan
Bewick's swan
Cygne siffleur
Zwergschwan
Малый лебедь,
Тундровый лебедь,
Американский лебедь
コハクチョウ
(小白鳥)
ko haku-chō
'small white-bird'
ハクチョウ
(白鳥)
haku-chō
'white-bird'
(former official name)
アメリカコハクチョウ
(アメリカ小白鳥)
amerika ko haku-chō
'American small white-bird'
小天鹅
(小天鵝)
xiǎo tiān-é
'small sky-goose' (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
or
短嘴天鹅
(短嘴天鵝)
duǎn-zuǐ tiān-é
'short-billed sky-goose' (Alternative in 1)
›Taxonomy‹
(小天鹅)
小天鵝
xiǎo tiān-é
'small sky-goose'
Taiwan former official:
()


'swan'
啸声天鹅
(嘯聲天鵝)
xiào-shēng tiān-é
'whistle-voiced sky-goose' (Alternative in 6)
苔原天鹅
(苔原天鵝)
táiyuán tiān-é
'tundra sky-goose' (7)
白鹅
(白鵝)
bái-é
'white-goose' (FS)
食鹅
(食鵝)
shí-é
'eating-goose' (southern, N. China plain) (FS)
고니
goni
'swan'
Cygnus cygnus
link to photolink to photolink to photo
Whooper swan
Cygne chanteur
Singschwan
Лебедь-кликун
オオハクチョウ
(大白鳥)
ō haku-chō
'large white-bird'
  大天鹅
(大天鵝)
dà tiān-é
'large sky-goose'
or
黄嘴天鹅
(黃嘴天鵝)
huáng-zuǐ tiān-é
'yellow-billed sky-goose' (Alternative in 1)
(黄嘴天鹅)
黄嘴天鵝
huáng-zuǐ tiān-é
'yellow-billed sky-goose'
咳声天鹅
(咳聲天鵝)
ké-shēng tiān-é
'cough-voiced sky-goose' (FS)

()

'swan' (ancient general name) (FS)
白鹅
(白鵝)
bái-é
'white goose' (Hebei, Inner Mongolia, general name in southwest) (FS)
큰고니
keun-goni
'large swan'
 
TADORNINAE
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN
JAPANESE
CHINESE
KOREAN
Tadorna              
Latin
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru
Japanese
Other J
Chinese
Chinese (Taiwan)
Other Ch
Korean
Tadorna tadorna
link to photolink to photo
Common shelduck
Shelduck
Tadorne de Belon
Brandgans
Пеганка,
Атайка
ツクシガモ
(筑紫鴨)
tsukushi-gamo
'Kyushu wildduck'
  翘鼻麻鸭
(翹鼻麻鴨)
qiáo-bí má-yā
'warped nose hemp-duck'
(花凫)
花鳧
huā fú
'flowery wildduck'
冠鸭
(冠鴨)
guān yā
'crested duck' (FS)
潦鸭
(潦鴨)
liáo yā ?
'slovenly duck' ? (FS)
掘穴鸭
(掘穴鴨)
jué-xué yā
'dig-hole duck' (northern) (FS)
白鸭
(白鴨)
bái yā
'white duck' (Dongbei, Fujian) (FS)
혹부리오리
hok-buri-ori
'lump-billed duck'
Tadorna ferruginea
link to photolink to photo
Ruddy shelduck
Tadorne casarca
Rostgans
Огарь,
Красная утка
アカツクシガモ
(赤筑紫鴨)
aka tsukushi-gamo
'red Kyushu wildduck'
  赤麻鸭
(赤麻鴨)
chì má-yā
'red hemp-duck'
(渎凫)
瀆鳧
dú fú
'ditch wildduck'
黄鸭
(黃鴨)
huáng yā
'yellow duck' (FS)
黄凫
(黃鳧)
huáng fú
'yellow wildduck' (northern) (FS)
红鸭
(紅鴨)
hóng yā
'red duck'
红雁
(紅雁)
hóng yàn
'red wildgoose' (Inner Mongolia) (FS)
황오리
hwang-ori
'yellow duck'
Tadorna cristata Crested shelduck
Tadorne de Corée
Schopfkasarka
Хохлатая пеганка
カンムリツクシガモ
(冠筑紫鴨)
kanmuri tsukushi-gamo
'crested Kyushu wildduck'
(extinct)
  冠麻鸭
(冠麻鴨)
guān má-yā
'crested hemp-duck' (1, 3, 4)
冠头麻鸭
(冠頭麻鴨)
guān-tóu má-yā
'crest-headed hemp-duck' (5)
    원앙사촌
won-ang-sachon
'mandarin-duck cousin'
(Site uses UK spelling, e.g., "grey-coloured")